With the intense exploration of photonic materials and devices in emerging fields such as wearable techniques, smart healthcare, and biomimetic robotics, developing photonic devices with high flexibility, biocompatibility, and even biodegradability has become critical. To obtain photonic devices with outstanding optical and biomechanical properties, research and development on various aspects, including material synthesis, structural design, function implementation, and device fabrication, are urgent. Organic polymers have been considered to be some of the most competitive materials for flexible photonics due to their soft texture, flexibility, biocompatibility, facile synthesis, and simple modification. A series of novel functional photonic devices such as optical waveguides, diffraction gratings, and photonic crystals, have been developed based on organic polymers. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent progress on the study of flexible organic polymer photonics. Current techniques, methods, and applications are summarized and analyzed. Perspectives on the future challenges and applications of flexible photonics are also discussed.