[1] [1] Arikan E. Channel Polarization: A Method for Constructing Capacity-Achieving Codes for Symmetric Binary-Input Memoryless Channels[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2009, 55(7):3051-3073.

[2] [2] Kaykac E Z B, Xiang L P, Maunder R G, et al. The Development, Operation and Performance of the 5G Polar Codes[J]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2020, 22(1):96-122.

[3] [3] 3GPP TS 36.211 Release12-2014, Physical Channels and Modulation[S].

[4] [4] Wu Z, Lankl B. Polar Codes for Low-complexity Forward Error Correction in Optical Access Networks[C]//Photonic Networks; 15. ITG Symposium. Leipzig, Germany: VDE, 2014:1-8.

[5] [5] Liu B, Zhang L, Xin X, et al. Robust Generalized Filter Bank Multicarrier based Optical Access System with Electrical Polar Coding[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal, 2016, 8(5):7906507.

[6] [6] Zhou D Y,Liu H R,Wen K H,et al.A Novel Scheme of Polar-Coded SCMA OFDM Analogue Radio-over-Fiber for C-RAN Optical Fronthaul[C]//2019 6th International Conference on Information Science and Control Engineering (ICISCE). Shanghai, China: IEEE, 2019: 00195.

[7] [7] Liu L, Xiao S, Fang J, et al. High Performance and Cost Effective CO-OFDM System Aided by Polar Code[J]. Optics Express, 2017, 25(3):2763-2770.

[8] [8] Zhang S Y,Shahrrava B.Polar-coded OFDM with Index Modulation[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 9:237-247.

[9] [9] Zheng H T, Wu K Q, Chen B, et al. Experimental Demonstration of 9.6 Gbit/s Polar Coded Infrared Light Communication System [J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2020, 32(24):1539-1542.

[10] [10] Dai J C, Niu K, Lin K. Polar-coded MDM Systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2018, 67(7):6170-6184.

[11] [11] Dai J C, Niu K, Si Z W, et al. Polar-coded Spatial Modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2021, 69:2203-2217.

[12] [12] Shen Y F, Yang J M, Zhou X F, et al. Joint Detection and Decoding for Polar Coded MDM Systems[C]//2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference. Singapore: IEEE, 2017:8254938.

[13] [13] Ho K P, Kahn J M. Mode-Dependent Loss and Gain: Statistics and Effect on Mode-Division Multiplexing[J]. Optics Express, 2011,19(17):16612-16635.

[14] [14] Ospina R S B, Hout M V D, Alvarado-zacarias J C, et al. Mode-Dependent Loss and Gain Estimation in SDM Transmission based on MMSE Equalizers[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2021, 39(7):1968-1975.

[15] [15] Gong S Y, Zhang J Y, Mi S C, et al. Near-ML Detection based on Multilevel SINR Thresholding for Mode Division Multiplexing Transmission with Mode-dependent Loss[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9:20136-20142.

[16] [16] Mello D A A, Srinivas H, Choutagunta K, et al. Impact of Polarization- and Mode-Dependent Gain on the Capacity of Ultra-Long-Haul Systems[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2020, 38(2):303-318.

[17] [17] Huang C,Li Y X,Meng W,et al. Effect of Mode Coupling on Quantum Bit Error Rate in Mode Division Multiplexing Simultaneous Transmission System[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2020, 40(4):0406002.

[18] [18] Gong S Y, Zhang J Y. Dynamic Channel-Compensation Characteristics of MDM System with Mode-Dependent Loss[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2020, 40(23):2306006.

[19] [19] Zhang T, Li L, Hu G J. Demultiplexing of Mode-Division Multiplexing System based on Successive Interference Cancellation[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2019, 46(3):0306001.

[20] [20] Wang Y H, Wu B J , Wan F, et al. Analysis of Compensation for Inter-Mode Nonlinear Phase Modulation in Few-Mode Optical Fiber Communication Systems[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2019, 39(12):1206006.

[21] [21] Men H, Jin M. A Low-Complexity ML Detection Algorithm for Spatial Modulation Systems with MPSK Constellation[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2014, 18(8):1375-1378.

[22] [22] Xiang L P, Liu Y, Egilmez Z B K, et al. Soft List Decoding of Polar Codes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2020, 69(11):13921-13926.

[23] [23] Balatsoukas-Stimming A, Parizi M B, Burg A. LLR-based Successive Cancellation List Decoding of Polar Codes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2015,63(19): 5165-5179.