[1] [1] Lin X L, Lin D, Chen Y, Lin J C, Weng S Y, Song J B and Feng S Y 2021 High throughput blood analysis based on deep learning algorithm and self-positioning super-hydrophobic SERS platform for non-invasive multi-disease screening Adv. Funct. Mater. 31 2103382

[2] [2] Wang T J, Barveen N R, Liu Z Y, Chen C H and Chou M H 2021 Transparent, flexible plasmonic Ag NP/PMMA substrates using chemically patterned ferroelectric crystals for detecting pesticides on curved surfaces ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13 34910–22

[3] [3] Xu J W, Xiao X, Zhang W B, Xu R, Kim S C, Cui Y, Howard T T, Wu E and Cui Y 2020 Air-filtering masks for respiratory protection from PM2.5 and pandemic pathogens One Earth 3 574–89

[4] [4] Shi Q Q, Gómez D E, Dong D S, Sikdar D, Fu R F, Liu Y Y,Zhao Y M, Smilgies D M and Cheng W L 2019 2D freestanding Janus gold nanocrystal superlattices Adv.Mater. 31 1900989

[5] [5] Yan X N, Chen Q, Song Q, Huo Z Y, Zhang N and Ma M M 2021 Continuous mechanical tuning of plasmonic nanoassemblies for tunable and selective SERS platforms Nano Res. 14 275–84

[6] [6] Das A, Pant U, Cao C, Moirangthem R S and Kamble H B 2023 Fabrication of plasmonic nanopyramidal array as flexible SERS substrate for biosensing application Nano Res. 16 1132–40

[7] [7] Xu H X and K?ll M 2002 Surface-plasmon-enhanced optical forces in silver nanoaggregates Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 246802

[8] [8] Zhang D J, Peng L Q, Shang X L, Zheng W X, You H J, Xu T,Ma B, Ren B and Fang J X 2020 Buoyant particulate strategy for few-to-single particle-based plasmonic enhanced nanosensors Nat. Commun. 11 2603

[9] [9] Chen X Y, Ding Q Q, Bi C, Ruan J and Yang S K 2022 Lossless enrichment of trace analytes in levitating droplets for multiphase and multiplex detection Nat. Commun.13 7807

[10] [10] De Angelis F et al 2011 Breaking the diffusion limit with super-hydrophobic delivery of molecules to plasmonic nanofocusing SERS structures Nat. Photon. 5 682–7

[11] [11] Tang S Y, Li Y, Huang H, Li P H, Guo Z N, Luo Q, Wang Z,Chu P K, Li J and Yu X F 2017 Efficient enrichment and self-assembly of hybrid nanoparticles into removable and magnetic SERS substrates for sensitive detection of environmental pollutants ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces9 7472–80

[12] [12] Liu Y H, Zhang N, Tua D, Zhu Y K, Rada J, Yang W H,Song H M, Thompson A C, Collins R L and Gan Q Q 2022 Superhydrophobic 3D-assembled metallic nanoparticles for trace chemical enrichment in SERS sensing Small18 2204234

[13] [13] Wu Y W, Hang T, Komadina J, Ling H Q and Li M 2014 High-adhesive superhydrophobic 3D nanostructured silver films applied as sensitive, long-lived, reproducible and recyclable SERS substrates Nanoscale 6 9720–6

[14] [14] Xu K C, Zhang C T, Zhou R, Ji R and Hong M H 2016 Hybrid micro/nano-structure formation by angular laser texturing of Si surface for surface enhanced Raman scattering Opt.Express 24 10352–8

[15] [15] Yu J, Wu J E, Yang H, Li P, Liu J, Wang M, Pang J H, Li C B,Yang C and Xu K C 2022 Extremely sensitive SERS sensors based on a femtosecond laser-fabricated superhydrophobic/-philic microporous platform ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 43877–85

[16] [16] Lee H K, Lee Y H, Zhang Q, Phang I Y, Tan J M R, Cui Y and Ling X Y 2013 Superhydrophobic surface-enhanced Raman scattering platform fabricated by assembly of Ag nanocubes for trace molecular sensing ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces5 11409–18

[17] [17] Geng F, Zhao H P, Fu Q, Mi Y, Miao L K, Li W, Dong Y L,Wu M H and Lei Y 2018 Gold nanochestnut arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrate for detecting trace pesticide residue Nanotechnology 29 295502

[18] [18] Zhang H H, Zhou F, Liu M, Liu D L, Men D D, Cai W P, Duan G T and Li Y 2015 Spherical nanoparticle arrays with tunable nanogaps and their hydrophobicity enhanced rapid SERS detection by localized concentration of droplet evaporation Adv. Mater. Interfaces 2 1500031

[19] [19] Yang Y et al 2021 Femtosecond laser regulated ultrafast growth of mushroom-like architecture for oil repellency and manipulation Nano Lett.21 9301–9

[20] [20] Yong J L, Yang Q, Hou X and Chen F 2022 Nature-inspired superwettability achieved by femtosecond lasers Ultrafast Sci. 2022 9895418

[21] [21] Yong J L, Singh S C, Zhan Z B, Chen F and Guo C L 2019 How to obtain six different superwettabilities on a same microstructured pattern: relationship between various superwettabilities in different solid/liquid/gas systems Langmuir 35 921–7

[22] [22] Wang A D, Jiang L, Li X W, Xie Q, Li B H, Wang Z, Du K and Lu Y F 2017 Low-adhesive superhydrophobic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrate fabricated by femtosecond laser ablation for ultratrace molecular detection J. Mater. Chem. B 5 777–84

[23] [23] Yang H, Gun X Y, Pang G, Zheng Z X, Li C B, Yang C,Wang M and Xu K C 2021 Femtosecond laser patterned superhydrophobic/hydrophobic SERS sensors for rapid positioning ultratrace detection Opt. Express29 16904–13

[24] [24] Qu C Y, Guo Q L, Huang G S and Mei Y F 2021 Local cracking-induced scalable flexible silicon nanogaps for dynamically tunable surface enhanced raman scattering substrates Adv. Mater. Interfaces 8 2100661

[25] [25] Yu J, Yang H, Wu J G, Wu Y X and Xu K C 2023 Ultrafast laser fabrication of surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensors Opto-Electron. Eng. 50 220333

[26] [26] Xu K C, Zhou R, Takei K and Hong M H 2019 Toward flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors for point-of-care diagnostics Adv. Sci. 6 1900925

[27] [27] Xu K C, Yan H P, Tan C F, Lu Y Y, Li Y, Ho G W, Ji R and Hong M H 2018 Hedgehog inspired CuO nanowires/Cu2O composites for broadband visible-light-driven recyclable surface enhanced Raman scattering Adv. Opt. Mater.6 1701167

[28] [28] Nakajima A, Omiya M and Yan J W 2022 Generation of micro/nano hybrid surface structures on copper by femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation Nanomanuf. Metrol.5 274–82

[29] [29] Meshram T and Yan J W 2023 Formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures on reaction-bonded silicon carbide by femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation Nanomanuf. Metrol. 6 4

[30] [30] Zhang Y X, Wu D, Zhang Y C, Bian Y C, Wang C W, Li J W,Chu J R and Hu Y L 2023 Femtosecond laser direct writing of functional stimulus-responsive structures and applications Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 5 042012

[31] [31] Yong J L, Yang Q, Chen F, Zhang D S, Bian H, Ou Y, Si J H, Du G Q and Hou X 2013 Stable superhydrophobic surface with hierarchical mesh-porous structure fabricated by a femtosecond laser Appl. Phys. A 111 243–9

[32] [32] Yong J L, Yang Q, Huo J L, Hou X and Chen F 2022 Underwater gas self-transportation along femtosecond laser-written open superhydrophobic surface microchannels (<100 μm) for bubble/gas manipulation Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 4 015002

[33] [33] Pavliuk G et al 2020 Ultrasensitive SERS-based plasmonic sensor with analyte enrichment system produced by direct laser writing Nanomaterials 10 49

[34] [34] Gautier J, Munnier E, Douziech-Eyrolles L, Paillard A,Dubois P and Chourpa I 2013 SERS spectroscopic approach to study doxorubicin complexes with Fe2+ ions and drug release from SPION-based nanocarriers Analyst 138 7354–61

[35] [35] Zhizhchenko A, Kuchmizhak A, Vitrik O, Kulchin Y and Juodkazis S 2018 On-demand concentration of an analyte on laser-printed polytetrafluoroethylene Nanoscale 10 21414–24