Journal of Inorganic Materials, Volume. 38, Issue 10, 1169(2023)
Figures & Tables(8)
1. Box plots of particle size, oxygen content and α phase content distribution
2. Heat map of cosine similarity of different batches of silicon nitride powders
3. Performance indicators for the visualization of powders by the t-SNE method
Table 1. [in Chinese]
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. [in Chinese]
批号 测试时间 相含量 /% 粒度/µm 氧含量/% 水分 /% 松堆密度 /(g·cm-3) 比表面 /(m2·g-1) 稳定性和变流速 压缩性 剪切性能 充气性 透气性 PD(压降) D10 D50 D90 BFE SI FRI SE CBD CPS Cohesion UYS MPS FF AIF AE AR NAS 0 Y220317 2022.3 93.9 1.864 6.57 17.1 1.362 1.46 0.24 2.590 413 1.07 1.82 9.25 0.291 33.1 1.64 6.63 28.1 4.24 37.2 105 3.98 0.119 22.7 1 Y220321 2022.3 93.3 1.865 6.798 17.88 1.414 0.98 0.24 2.770 450 1.09 1.78 9.62 0.310 33.4 1.61 6.48 27.9 4.31 37.2 97.9 4.35 0.117 11.5 2 Y2203172 2022.3 95.0 2.02 6.518 16.52 1.124 0.77 0.208 2.210 382 1.04 1.8 8.85 0.272 32.8 1.48 6.13 28.4 4.63 38.6 94.5 3.86 0.105 19.7 3 Y2201141 2022.3 90.8 1.868 6.317 16.75 1.699 1.24 0.22 2.790 407 1.06 1.81 9.46 0.294 32.1 1.57 6.39 28 4.39 37.6 106 3.7 0.118 23.9 4 Y2201142 2022/4/19 90.7 1.933 6.531 17.14 1.538 0.71 0.213 2.610 418 1.02 1.92 9.5 0.289 31 1.58 6.34 27.9 4.4 37.1 95.9 4.41 0.137 13.9 5 Y2204022 2022/4/15 93.0 1.796 6.376 16.65 1.375 0.94 0.23 2.790 375 1.03 1.86 9.03 0.28 32.7 1.71 6.97 28.8 4.12 37.8 95.3 3.82 0.111 23.2 6 Y2204021 2022/4/15 93.4 1.707 6.019 15.94 1.336 1.07 0.24 2.510 365 1.1 1.93 9.04 0.292 31 1.37 5.58 27.8 4.99 37.7 76 4.8 0.144 21.1 7 Y220415 2022/4/15 90.9 1.907 6.387 16.57 1.098 1.52 0.24 2.520 492 1.05 1.8 9.51 0.336 33.6 1.91 7.8 28.5 3.65 37.7 131 3.5 0.103 24.2 8 Y220503 2022/5/4 88.0 2.496 7.73 18.58 0.678 1.65 0.268 1.720 474 1.11 1.83 9.26 0.355 32.6 1.68 6.71 27.7 4.13 36.7 99.6 5.04 0.0736 2.45 9 Y220513 2022/5/19 88.0 2.239 7.127 17.5 0.865 1.14 0.246 2.040 482 1.07 1.86 9.7 0.337 30.2 1.59 6.41 28.1 4.23 37.3 111 4.5 0.0743 1.19 10 Y220602 2022/6/2 89.6 2.378 7.522 17.68 0.683 0.84 0.266 1.620 495 1.06 1.85 9.64 0.355 29.1 1.55 6.28 28 4.45 37.4 81.4 7.09 0.0955 4.1 11 Y220606 2022/6/6 89.6 2.58 7.97 18.31 0.695 1.03 0.254 1.750 531 1 1.68 9.03 0.351 31.5 1.61 6.55 27.7 4.22 37.6 95.7 5.82 0.0896 5.87 12 Y220629 2022/6/29 93.7 1.793 6.212 16.48 1.089 1.15 0.20 2.540 508 1 1.67 9.31 0.294 37.9 2.02 8.17 28.5 3.48 37.5 152 3.76 0.0965 11.7 13 Y220630 20220/6/30 94.1 1.836 6.294 16.55 0.972 0.89 0.204 2.470 440 1.01 1.62 8.69 0.284 37.5 1.95 7.99 28.6 3.58 37.9 130 3.56 0.0634 14.7 14 Y220715 2022/7/15 93.0 1.779 5.617 15.42 0.841 0.84 0.228 2.720 451 1 1.76 9.12 0.298 38.1 1.86 7.56 28.3 3.75 37.6 135 3.87 0.0963 11.9 15 Y220726 2022/7/28 94.2 1.831 5.906 15.59 0.971 1.07 0.213 2.36 453 1.03 1.64 8.82 0.285 35.7 1.84 7.46 28 3.76 37.4 115 4.25 0.0881 14.5 16 Y220727 2022/7/28 95.5 1.873 6.131 16.00 0.867 1.19 0.214 2.44 424 1.02 1.73 8.88 0.291 37.3 1.78 7.17 28.1 3.91 37.2 132 4.21 0.103 14.8 17 Y220808 2022/8/10 94.3 1.946 6.571 16.5 0.931 1.13 0.196 2.71 424 0.987 1.64 8.75 0.272 37.1 2.05 8.26 28.6 3.47 37.1 133 3.96 0.0814 9.44 18 Y220816 2022/8/16 95 1.952 6.444 16.12 0.948 1.71 0.216 2.53 484 0.995 1.58 8.97 0.282 38.7 2.3 9.16 28.6 3.12 36.7 187 3.82 0.0844 11.7 19 Y220830 2022/8/30 95 1.819 6.091 15.64 0.902 1.67 0.219 2.07 480 1.03 1.63 9.35 0.291 37.4 1.79 7.22 28 3.88 37.2 142 4.37 0.102 11.2 20 Y220907 2022/9/7 94.2 2.175 7.215 17.71 0.780 1.17 0.229 1.880 471 0.968 1.8 9.54 0.308 33.8 1.75 7.09 28.4 4 37.5 110 6.74 0.0579 0.735 21 Y220921 2022/9/21 94.4 2.264 7.661 18.58 0.830 1.29 0.274 1.75 517 1.05 1.75 9.54 0.346 40 1.67 6.89 28.4 4.12 38.2 161 4.44 0.0827 1.19 22 Y220923 2022/9/26 92.6 2.416 8.054 19 0.760 2.69 0.256 1.96 509 0.995 1.74 9.59 0.341 29.7 1.53 6.34 28.3 4.46 38.6 48.5 14.9 0.0839 2.95 23 Y220927 2022/9/27 92.6 2.383 8.046 19.29 0.720 2.57 0.256 1.77 531 0.986 1.68 9.75 0.343 34.7 1.92 7.77 28.4 3.65 37.3 94.7 5.34 0.0873 3.81 24 Y220928 2022/9/28 92.8 2.468 8.37 19.82 0.700 1.69 0.259 1.87 562 0.944 1.67 9.74 0.351 31.5 2 8.23 29.6 3.59 38 122 5.45 0.114 7.1 25 Y220930 2022/9/30 94 2.308 7.787 18.68 0.760 2.61 0.246 1.81 600 1.07 1.74 10 0.351 34.8 1.82 7.66 29.4 3.84 39.1 139 4.83 0.105 5.5 26 Y221026 2022/10/26 92.5 2.25 7.838 19.33 0.750 1.73 0.263 1.73 497 1.03 1.7 9.13 0.332 36.2 1.72 7.02 28 3.99 37.8 76.3 8.57 0.151 6.42 27 Y221027 2022/10/28 93.4 2.071 7.371 18.62 0.830 1.97 0.26 1.97 534 1.05 1.51 9.57 0.345 35.5 1.81 7.39 28 3.78 37.7 40.3 15.8 0.14 8.3 28 Y221103 2022/11/2 93.6 2.127 7.65 19.24 0.810 1.86 0.288 1.86 435 1.02 1.75 8.92 0.315 33.9 1.62 6.51 27.7 4.25 37.2 109 5.01 0.182 6.73 29 Y221104 2022/11/4 93.9 2.26 8.356 21.13 0.89 1.01 0.281 2.16 471 1.04 1.75 9.13 0.321 32.3 1.56 6.47 28.2 4.35 38.4 109 5.3 0.173 6.6 30 Y221107 2022/11/9 92.3 2.05 7.604 18.95 0.94 1.21 0.257 1.94 490 1.04 1.74 9.13 1.335 35.1 1.68 6.9 28.3 4.1 38.1 97.1 6.53 0.161 7.18 31 Y221109 2022/11/9 94.6 2.082 7.814 19.86 0.9 1.05 0.258 2.13 547 1.05 1.73 9.44 0.34 33.9 1.77 7.16 28.3 3.95 37.3 184 3.31 0.134 7.59 32 Y221114 2022/11/15 93.8 2.021 7.874 20.9 0.99 2.13 0.245 2.19 493 1.02 1.72 9.2 0.328 33.2 1.84 7.54 28.4 3.77 38.1 99.6 5.57 0.159 5.73
Table 1. Physical and chemical index system and measurement methods for silicon nitride powder products
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Physical and chemical index system and measurement methods for silicon nitride powder products
General indicator Secondary indicator Symbol Unit Method Test equipment Physical property Particle size D10 μm Laser diffraction method Particle diameter sizer (Dandong Bettersize Instruments, Bettersiza 2600) D50 μm D90 μm Bulk density ρB kg/m3 Weight-volume method Intelligent integrated powder characterizer (Dandong Bettersize Instruments, BT-1001) Specific surface area S m2/g Gas adsorption method Gas absorption powder specific surface tester (MicrotracBEL, Belsorp maxⅡ) Component property α phase content A % (in mass) Mean-normalised- intensity method X-ray diffractometers (Rigaku Corporation, MiniFlex600) O content O % (in mass) Infrared detection method (CO/CO2) Nitrogen/oxygen analyz (HORIBA, EMGA- 820) Moisture content H2O % (in mass) Gravimetric method Rapid moisture tester (Shenzhen Guanya, SZ-GY820FT)
Table 2. [in Chinese]
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. [in Chinese]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 0 1 0.957 0.9 0.96 0.922 0.957 0.93 0.927 0.677 0.749 0.695 0.651 0.827 0.81 0.853 0.892 0.904 0.786 0.736 0.86 0.741 0.747 0.654 0.683 0.65 0.728 0.758 0.716 0.798 0.796 0.768 0.832 0.814 1 0.957 1 0.843 0.937 0.938 0.9 0.89 0.883 0.718 0.822 0.75 0.686 0.82 0.765 0.835 0.847 0.854 0.758 0.697 0.836 0.774 0.786 0.676 0.699 0.66 0.742 0.769 0.746 0.788 0.827 0.788 0.865 0.824 2 0.9 0.843 1 0.864 0.834 0.915 0.9 0.81 0.569 0.665 0.664 0.648 0.75 0.812 0.795 0.847 0.865 0.735 0.62 0.781 0.739 0.739 0.648 0.582 0.619 0.711 0.716 0.624 0.722 0.792 0.742 0.758 0.748 3 0.96 0.937 0.864 1 0.955 0.943 0.916 0.9 0.6 0.732 0.637 0.585 0.778 0.742 0.8 0.816 0.809 0.708 0.639 0.765 0.643 0.644 0.586 0.576 0.563 0.648 0.648 0.621 0.676 0.713 0.695 0.737 0.725 4 0.922 0.938 0.834 0.955 1 0.906 0.897 0.848 0.641 0.791 0.716 0.636 0.752 0.676 0.778 0.758 0.78 0.684 0.596 0.724 0.709 0.662 0.606 0.595 0.599 0.637 0.678 0.61 0.715 0.758 0.722 0.771 0.744 5 0.957 0.9 0.915 0.943 0.906 1 0.898 0.914 0.554 0.677 0.607 0.567 0.83 0.849 0.875 0.874 0.881 0.816 0.722 0.783 0.702 0.674 0.582 0.59 0.635 0.675 0.669 0.618 0.694 0.741 0.718 0.757 0.759 6 0.93 0.89 0.9 0.916 0.897 0.898 1 0.785 0.581 0.681 0.657 0.542 0.636 0.641 0.733 0.763 0.787 0.587 0.489 0.712 0.592 0.613 0.571 0.47 0.442 0.571 0.643 0.582 0.723 0.726 0.688 0.682 0.67 7 0.927 0.883 0.81 0.9 0.848 0.914 0.785 1 0.695 0.785 0.703 0.684 0.902 0.858 0.898 0.896 0.876 0.826 0.826 0.874 0.768 0.773 0.653 0.758 0.763 0.818 0.758 0.732 0.73 0.747 0.767 0.844 0.817 8 0.677 0.718 0.569 0.6 0.641 0.554 0.581 0.695 1 0.926 0.922 0.897 0.546 0.503 0.547 0.568 0.587 0.514 0.532 0.634 0.769 0.827 0.772 0.832 0.73 0.778 0.846 0.723 0.811 0.796 0.754 0.804 0.76 9 0.749 0.822 0.665 0.732 0.791 0.677 0.681 0.785 0.926 1 0.947 0.856 0.643 0.557 0.651 0.614 0.629 0.558 0.543 0.674 0.829 0.835 0.786 0.801 0.764 0.827 0.791 0.694 0.754 0.808 0.766 0.837 0.77 10 0.695 0.75 0.664 0.637 0.716 0.607 0.657 0.703 0.922 0.947 1 0.914 0.538 0.476 0.556 0.553 0.576 0.46 0.447 0.622 0.827 0.831 0.835 0.802 0.783 0.806 0.848 0.749 0.806 0.853 0.792 0.822 0.762 11 0.651 0.686 0.648 0.585 0.636 0.567 0.542 0.684 0.897 0.856 0.914 1 0.588 0.567 0.567 0.6 0.609 0.559 0.551 0.638 0.824 0.855 0.841 0.856 0.841 0.81 0.897 0.772 0.834 0.881 0.807 0.846 0.81 12 0.827 0.82 0.75 0.778 0.752 0.83 0.636 0.902 0.546 0.643 0.538 0.588 1 0.949 0.949 0.946 0.929 0.951 0.947 0.932 0.8 0.786 0.556 0.733 0.742 0.787 0.71 0.704 0.654 0.675 0.717 0.838 0.796 13 0.81 0.765 0.812 0.742 0.676 0.849 0.641 0.858 0.503 0.557 0.476 0.567 0.949 1 0.929 0.959 0.935 0.964 0.921 0.878 0.752 0.757 0.519 0.657 0.687 0.729 0.676 0.648 0.62 0.665 0.685 0.779 0.751 14 0.853 0.835 0.795 0.8 0.778 0.875 0.733 0.898 0.547 0.651 0.556 0.567 0.949 0.929 1 0.948 0.951 0.917 0.882 0.903 0.766 0.77 0.526 0.647 0.654 0.714 0.684 0.652 0.67 0.678 0.707 0.794 0.735 15 0.892 0.847 0.847 0.816 0.758 0.874 0.763 0.896 0.568 0.614 0.553 0.6 0.946 0.959 0.948 1 0.979 0.931 0.907 0.945 0.755 0.769 0.558 0.67 0.65 0.731 0.724 0.714 0.705 0.698 0.722 0.814 0.77 16 0.904 0.854 0.865 0.809 0.78 0.881 0.787 0.876 0.587 0.629 0.576 0.609 0.929 0.935 0.951 0.979 1 0.929 0.89 0.948 0.791 0.794 0.578 0.687 0.659 0.731 0.748 0.699 0.757 0.732 0.74 0.835 0.787 17 0.786 0.758 0.735 0.708 0.684 0.816 0.587 0.826 0.514 0.558 0.46 0.559 0.951 0.964 0.917 0.931 0.929 1 0.959 0.866 0.767 0.725 0.519 0.69 0.706 0.702 0.672 0.645 0.635 0.65 0.663 0.781 0.764 18 0.736 0.697 0.62 0.639 0.596 0.722 0.489 0.826 0.532 0.543 0.447 0.551 0.947 0.921 0.882 0.907 0.89 0.959 1 0.897 0.747 0.734 0.495 0.739 0.726 0.726 0.671 0.667 0.634 0.596 0.637 0.788 0.746 19 0.86 0.836 0.781 0.765 0.724 0.783 0.712 0.874 0.634 0.674 0.622 0.638 0.932 0.878 0.903 0.945 0.948 0.866 0.897 1 0.822 0.852 0.638 0.781 0.714 0.825 0.788 0.781 0.767 0.718 0.753 0.864 0.808 20 0.741 0.774 0.739 0.643 0.709 0.702 0.592 0.768 0.769 0.829 0.827 0.824 0.8 0.752 0.766 0.755 0.791 0.767 0.747 0.822 1 0.925 0.838 0.901 0.888 0.893 0.852 0.781 0.782 0.824 0.789 0.887 0.852 21 0.747 0.786 0.739 0.644 0.662 0.674 0.613 0.773 0.827 0.835 0.831 0.855 0.786 0.757 0.77 0.769 0.794 0.725 0.734 0.852 0.925 1 0.785 0.885 0.845 0.912 0.906 0.801 0.85 0.875 0.847 0.927 0.862 22 0.654 0.676 0.648 0.586 0.606 0.582 0.571 0.653 0.772 0.786 0.835 0.841 0.556 0.519 0.526 0.558 0.578 0.519 0.495 0.638 0.838 0.785 1 0.869 0.824 0.857 0.871 0.869 0.782 0.82 0.763 0.739 0.84 23 0.683 0.699 0.582 0.576 0.595 0.59 0.47 0.758 0.832 0.801 0.802 0.856 0.733 0.657 0.647 0.67 0.687 0.69 0.739 0.781 0.901 0.885 0.869 1 0.936 0.928 0.909 0.857 0.83 0.814 0.792 0.865 0.901 24 0.65 0.66 0.619 0.563 0.599 0.635 0.442 0.763 0.73 0.764 0.783 0.841 0.742 0.687 0.654 0.65 0.659 0.706 0.726 0.714 0.888 0.845 0.824 0.936 1 0.92 0.86 0.796 0.774 0.834 0.792 0.869 0.887 25 0.728 0.742 0.711 0.648 0.637 0.675 0.571 0.818 0.778 0.827 0.806 0.81 0.787 0.729 0.714 0.731 0.731 0.702 0.726 0.825 0.893 0.912 0.857 0.928 0.92 1 0.88 0.832 0.782 0.828 0.82 0.879 0.9 26 0.758 0.769 0.716 0.648 0.678 0.669 0.643 0.758 0.846 0.791 0.848 0.897 0.71 0.676 0.684 0.724 0.748 0.672 0.671 0.788 0.852 0.906 0.871 0.909 0.86 0.88 1 0.922 0.945 0.936 0.899 0.896 0.941 27 0.716 0.746 0.624 0.621 0.61 0.618 0.582 0.732 0.723 0.694 0.749 0.772 0.704 0.648 0.652 0.714 0.699 0.645 0.667 0.781 0.781 0.801 0.869 0.857 0.796 0.832 0.922 1 0.819 0.814 0.815 0.8 0.872 28 0.798 0.788 0.722 0.676 0.715 0.694 0.723 0.73 0.811 0.754 0.806 0.834 0.654 0.62 0.67 0.705 0.757 0.635 0.634 0.767 0.782 0.85 0.782 0.83 0.774 0.782 0.945 0.819 1 0.941 0.867 0.893 0.913 29 0.796 0.827 0.792 0.713 0.758 0.741 0.726 0.747 0.796 0.808 0.853 0.881 0.675 0.665 0.678 0.698 0.732 0.65 0.596 0.718 0.824 0.875 0.82 0.814 0.834 0.828 0.936 0.814 0.941 1 0.893 0.923 0.934 30 0.768 0.788 0.742 0.695 0.722 0.718 0.688 0.767 0.754 0.766 0.792 0.807 0.717 0.685 0.707 0.722 0.74 0.663 0.637 0.753 0.789 0.847 0.763 0.792 0.792 0.82 0.899 0.815 0.867 0.893 1 0.867 0.883 31 0.832 0.865 0.758 0.737 0.771 0.757 0.682 0.844 0.804 0.837 0.822 0.846 0.838 0.779 0.794 0.814 0.835 0.781 0.788 0.864 0.887 0.927 0.739 0.865 0.869 0.879 0.896 0.8 0.893 0.923 0.867 1 0.922 32 0.814 0.824 0.748 0.725 0.744 0.759 0.67 0.817 0.76 0.77 0.762 0.81 0.796 0.751 0.735 0.77 0.787 0.764 0.746 0.808 0.852 0.862 0.84 0.901 0.887 0.9 0.941 0.872 0.913 0.934 0.883 0.922 1
Table 2. Fluidity index system and measurement method of silicon nitride powder products
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Fluidity index system and measurement method of silicon nitride powder products
General indicator Secondary indicator Symbol Unit Definition Stability and variable flow rate Basic flowability energy BFE mJ The energy required for the rotor to overcome the resistance of the powder to rotate Stability index SI — Repeated measurements of powder flow energy to characterise its stability Flow rate index FRI — Measurement of flow energy at different speeds Specific energy SE mJ/g Data measured during the upward movement of the blade through the powder sample Compressibility Conditioned bulk density CBD g/mL Loose packing density of pre-treated powders Compressibility CPSm % Compressibility at positive stress m kPa Shear test Cohesion Cm kPa Shear strength at zero positive stress for a pre-consolidated positive stress of m kPa Unconfined yield strength UYSm kPa The maximum principal stress corresponding to a molar circle tangent to the yield trajectory at a pre- consolidation stress of m kPa and a minimum principal stress of 0 Maximum principal stress MPSm kPa Maximum compressive stress calculated from the molar circle at steady state flow under a pre-consolidated positive stress of m kPa Flow function FFm — Ratio of the above maximum principal stress to the unconfined yield strength Angle of internal friction AIF ° The angle between the shear linear yield trajectory and the x-axis, characterizing the ease with which the powder particles can slide against each other Aeration test Aerated energy AEn — The energy required to move the powder sample when filling the gas at a rate of n mm/s Aeration ratio AR — Ratio of the base flow energy to the filling energy after the powder having reached stability in the filling test Normalized aeration sensitivity NAS s/mm Sensitivity to the effect of air introduced by the powder, normalized BFE to air velocity ratio Permeability Pressure drop PDm 100 Pa Pressure reduction after passing air through a powder sample when a positive stress of m kPa is applied and the air velocity is maintained at 0.5 mm/s
Table 3. Performance index of powder at three class centers
View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Performance index of powder at three class centers
General indicator Secondary indicator Symbol Unit Class ① Class ② Class ③ Physical/ chemical indicator Physical property Size D10 μm 1.870 1.854 2.275 D50 μm 6.439 6.158 7.798 D90 μm 16.819 16.038 19.092 Bulk density ρB kg/m3 0.229 0.211 0.261 Specific surface area S m2/g 2.599 2.480 1.892 Component property α phase content A % (in mass) 92.625 94.350 92.231 O content O % (in mass) 1.368 0.940 0.800 Moisture content H2O % (in mass) 1.086 1.206 1.654 Liquidity indicator Stability and variable flow rate Basic flowability energy BFE mJ 412.750 458.000 510.500 Stability index SI — 1.058 1.009 1.033 Flow rate index FRI — 1.840 1.659 1.731 Specific energy SE mJ/g 9.283 8.986 9.423 Compressibility Conditioned bulk density CBD g/mL 0.295 0.287 0.403 Compressibility CPSm % 32.463 37.462 33.388 Shear test Cohesion Cm kPa 1.609 1.949 1.711 Unconfined yield strength UYSm kPa 6.540 7.874 6.989 Maximum principal stress MPSm kPa 28.175 28.337 28.281 Flow function FFm — 4.341 3.619 4.055 Angle of internal friction AIF ° 37.612 37.325 37.800 Aeration Test Aerated energy AEn — 100.200 140.750 104.262 Aeration ratio AR — 4.053 3.975 6.719 Normalized aeration sensitivity NAS s/mm 0.119 0.089 0.119 Permeability Pressure drop PDm mbar 20.025 12.492 5.169
Tools
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Honghua LI, Wanru DONG, Liang WANG, Zengchao YANG, Jiangtao LI.
Paper Information
Category:
Received: Feb. 6, 2023
Accepted: --
Published Online: Mar. 6, 2024
The Author Email: DONG Wanru (gntcdongwr@casiop.ac.cn), LI Jiangtao (lijiangtao@mail.ipc.ac.cn)
© Copyright 2018-2021 | Chinese Laser Press.
All Rights Reserved 沪ICP备15018463号-20