Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of optical fiber alignment error

Fig. 2. Effect of Ω between Δφand Δr on coupling efficiency

Fig. 3. Effect of tilt offset of end face on coupling efficiency. (a) For different radial offset Δr; (b) for different axis offset Δz

Fig. 4. Effect of axis offset on coupling efficiency. (a) For different radial offset; (b) for different tilt offset of end face

Fig. 5. Effect of radial offset on coupling efficiency. (a) For different tilt offset of end face; (b) for different axis offset

Fig. 6. Automatic alignment system diagram of spatial light-SMF coupling

Fig. 7. Diagram of PZT connection structure. (a) Schematic diagram of three kinds of PZT connection structures; (b) physical diagram of piezoelectric ceramic connection structure

Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of system hardware structure

Fig. 9. Coupling efficiency of system for different C₁

Fig. 10. Variation of gain coefficient α with correction time for different C₁

Fig. 11. Experimental diagram of spatial optical coupling automatic alignment

Fig. 12. Effect of Ω on power of light coupled into SMF

Fig. 13. Variation of coupling optical power with correction time under different disturbance voltages. (a) Δu=0.001 V; (b) Δu=0.005 V

Fig. 14. Variation of coupling optical power with correction time for gain coefficient α=0.3/(J⁽ⁱ⁾-0.003)

Fig. 15. Schematic diagram of different offset

Fig. 16. Variation of coupling power with correction time for different initial offset