Identifying Bloodstain Species Using Hyperspectral Imaging

Number	Carrier	Color	Number	Carrier	Color
1#	Canvas	Dard Red	16#	Leather	Black
2#	Canvas	White	17#	Leather	Brown
3#	Canvas	Bright Red	18#	Leather	Green
4#	Canvas	Black	19#	Chamois	Dard Red
5#	Canvas	Brown	20#	Chamois	White
6#	Canvas	Green	21#	Chamois	Bright Red
7#	Cotton	Dard Red	22#	Chamois	Black
8#	Cotton	White	23#	Chamois	Brown
9#	Cotton	Bright Red	24#	Chamois	Green
10#	Cotton	Black	25#	Paperboard	Pink
11#	Cotton	Brown	26#	Paperboard	Bright Red
12#	Cotton	Green	27#	Paperboard	Yellow
13#	Leather	Dard Red	28#	Paperboard	Blue
14#	Leather	White	29#	Invoice	White
15#	Leather	Bright Red	30#	Envelope	Brown

Table 2. Basis of quality assessment
View table
Table 2. Basis of quality assessment
Degree Difference of rank mean（a） Result of assessment
1 a≤15 -
2 15<a≤30 +
3 a>30 ++

Table 3. Rank mean difference of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed blood of human and chicken on five vectors

View table

Table 3. Rank mean difference of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed blood of human and chicken on five vectors

Number	Carrier	Human blood and chicken blood	Human blood and the mix of human and chicken blood	Chicken blood and the mix of human and chicken blood
1	Dark red canvas	10.84	9.16	1.44
2	Brown cotton	40.60	37.36	37.50
3	Bright red chamois	35.36	34.18	25.04
4	Yellow paperboard	27.90	21.24	18.76
5	Invoice	49.00	32.52	29.44

Table 4. Quality assessment results of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed human and chicken blood on five carriers

View table

Table 4. Quality assessment results of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed human and chicken blood on five carriers

Number	Carrier	Human blood and chicken blood	Human blood and the mix of human and chicken blood	Chicken blood and the mix of human and chicken blood
1	Dark red canvas	-	-	-
2	Brown cotton	++	++	++
3	Bright red chamois	++	++	+
4	Yellow paperboard	+	+	+
5	Invoice	++	++	+

Table 5. Rank mean difference of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

View table

Table 5. Rank mean difference of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

Number	Carrier	Human blood and bovine blood	Human blood and the mix of human and bovine blood	Bovine blood and the mix of human and bovine blood
1	Bright red canvas	43.70	30.14	24.10
2	Black cotton	33.44	13.04	34.30
3	Green leather	39.78	25.74	22.72
4	Bright red chamois	43.50	35.28	26.26
5	Envelope	37.68	27.62	24.84

Table 6. Quality evaluation results of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

View table

Table 6. Quality evaluation results of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

Number	Carrier	Human blood and bovine blood	Human blood and the mix of human and bovine blood	Bovine blood and the mix of human and bovine blood
1	Bright red canvas	++	++	+
2	Black cotton	++	-	++
3	Green leather	++	+	+
4	Bright red chamois	++	++	+
5	Envelope	++	+	+

Table 7. Statistics of quality assessment results of 6 samples on 30 carriers

View table

Table 7. Statistics of quality assessment results of 6 samples on 30 carriers

Number	Human blood and chicken blood	Human blood and the mix of human and chicken blood	Chicken blood and the mix of human and chicken blood	Human blood and bovine blood	Human blood and the mix of human and bovine blood	Bovine blood and the mix of human and bovine blood
1#	-	-	-	++	++	-
2#	++	-	+	++	+	+
3#	+	+	+	++	++	+
4#	+	+	-	++	++	++
5#	+	+	-	++	+	+
6#	+	-	+	++	++	+
7#	++	++	-	++	+	++
8#	++	+	+	++	+	+
9#	++	++	+	+	-	-
10#	-	-	-	++	-	++
11#	++	++	++	++	+	+
12#	++	+	+	++	+	+
13#	++	++	+	++	+	++
14#	++	+	+	+	-	+
15#	++	+	-	++	++	+
16#	+	+	-	++	+	+
17#	++	+	+	++	+	++
18#	++	+	+	++	+	+
19#	++	-	+	++	++	+
20#	++	+	+	++	+	+
21#	++	++	+	++	++	+
22#	++	+	++	+	-	-
23#	++	+	++	+	-	+
24#	++	++	++	+	-	-
25#	+	-	+	++	+	++
26#	+	+	-	++	+	+
27#	+	+	+	++	++	++
28#	++	+	+	+	+	-
29#	++	+	++	++	++	++
30#	++	+	+	+	+	+

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Yuan Zhuang, Shuhui Gao, Fei Xie, Wei Huang, Nengbin Cai. Identifying Bloodstain Species Using Hyperspectral Imaging[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(16): 1630001

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Paper Information

Category: Spectroscopy

Received: May. 25, 2021

Accepted: Jun. 27, 2021

Published Online: Jul. 22, 2022

The Author Email: Gao Shuhui (gaoshuhui@ppsuc.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/LOP202259.1630001

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Information and serial number of carriers used in experiment

Table 1. Information and serial number of carriers used in experiment

Table 2. Basis of quality assessment

Table 2. Basis of quality assessment

Table 3. Rank mean difference of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed blood of human and chicken on five vectors

Table 3. Rank mean difference of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed blood of human and chicken on five vectors

Table 4. Quality assessment results of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed human and chicken blood on five carriers

Table 4. Quality assessment results of human blood, chicken blood, and mixed human and chicken blood on five carriers

Table 5. Rank mean difference of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

Table 5. Rank mean difference of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

Table 6. Quality evaluation results of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

Table 6. Quality evaluation results of human blood, bovine blood, and mixed human and bovine blood on five vectors

Table 7. Statistics of quality assessment results of 6 samples on 30 carriers

Table 7. Statistics of quality assessment results of 6 samples on 30 carriers