Chloride (Cl-) corrosion is the main problem affecting the service life of reinforced concrete. Because Portland cement and aluminium-rich material (fly ash, slag, etc.) composite systems effectively bind Cl- and improve the corrosion resistance of reinforced concrete, they have attracted considerable research attention. However, the horizontal comparison of Cl- binding capacity of different Portland cement and aluminium-rich material composite systems in existing research is insufficient. First, the process of physical adsorption and chemical binding of chloride in the cement-based system was introduced. Then, Cl- binding capacity of Portland cement and aluminium-rich material composite systems was summarised, and the Cl- binding capacity of composite systems in previous publications was compared with Al2O3 content as the main variable. In addition, various factors affecting the Cl- binding capacity of composite systems were described and analysed. Finally, a more accurate scheme for measuring and comparing the Cl- binding capacity of various Portland cement and aluminium-rich material composite systems for subsequent research was provided, and a theoretical basis for the design of novel high-performance Portland cement and aluminium-rich material composite systems was provided.