To improve the accuracy of photovoltaic power prediction, a fusion prediction model based on improved feature selection was proposed. Firstly, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the information gain method were combined to select characteristic parameters. Then, the dataset was classified to construct the single model of XGBoost, LightGBM and multilayer perceptron (MLP). Finally, a MLP with two hidden layers was used to build a fusion model. The results show that the fusion prediction model has higher prediction accuracy and stronger generalization ability than the single model, and can better meet the needs of short-term photovoltaic power prediction.

Nowadays, intelligent manufacturing experimental practice courses have been popularized to most of the colleges in China. However, most of these courses mainly focus on teaching of assembling and operating intelligent devices such as robots and machining centers. Less attention is paid to the problem of data flow between intelligent devices. For this reason, a data acquisition experimental platform for intelligent manufacturing and the corresponding teaching program were developed in this work. In the platform, the FDM 3D printers that have been widely used in colleges were applied as the data acquisition equipment object, the cheap but fully functional Raspberry Pi was used as the data acquisition card, and the WCF application was used as the resident program. It integrated several communication forms such as serial and HTTP. With programming techniques such as Python, C#, SQL, etc., the device real-time status data were finally imported into the server database for the subsequent use. The platform architecture has a certain versatility, which is suitable for various actual industrial field data acquisition occasions. The development of the platform itself is easy and interesting, which is especially suitable for college data acquisition experimental teaching.

In order to apply microwave irradiation (MW) in the wet blue bating process, the influence of different heating methods on 537 acid protease enzyme activity and enzymatic reaction was investigated at first, and then the effect of MW on wet blue bating process was also studied through measuring the spent component, grain morphology and leather mechanical properties. The results showed that MW had a negative effect on enzyme activity and rate of enzymatic reaction but had a positive effect on the affinity between enzyme and substrate. In the wet blue bating process under MW, there was less collagen hydrolyzed and the content of chromium releasing was only 45.54% compared with water bath heating; in addition, the shrinkage temperature, softness and tensile strength were also improved. Moreover, the bated wet blue under MW had flatter grain and stretched pores. In short, microwave irradiation could not only accelerate the rate but also improve the effect of wet blue bating process. Therefore, it would be a fast and cleaner method for leather making.

In view of the deficiency of paying more attention to time (phase) and ignoring signal amplitude in the sound velocity measurement experiment, a signal measurement device was built in the water tank relying on the commonly used underwater acoustic detection equipment. The time difference and the peak value of voltage were obtained by oscilloscope, the sound velocity in water was calculated based on the measurement principle of time difference method, and the electroacoustic conversion was carried out to realize the synchronous measurement of sound velocity and sound pressure. The relative error between sound velocity calculation and theoretical sound velocity in pure water was 2.0%, and the relative error between sound pressure level calculation and theoretical sound propagation of spherical wave was about 6.0%. The experimental design deepens the understanding of abstract concepts such as sound pressure and sensitivity, and trains the students’ ability to use Excel for data processing.

Aiming at the problems of high reaction temperature, easy to produce toxic and harmful gases, many side effects, low yield, and difficult product recovery of organic chemistry comprehensive experiments in the textbook, the experiment of “Synthesis of 1-Benzyl-2-Phenylbenzimidazole” was designed. This experiment had strong comprehensiveness, including the basic operation of organic chemical experiment and column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), melting point determination and nuclear magnetic determination, and ChemDraw, MetReNova and other software were used to analyze and process data. This experiment is suitable for senior undergraduates, which effectively avoids some problems existing in the current organic chemistry comprehensive experiment oxidation and reduction experimental project, so that the comprehensive experimental ability of undergraduates majoring in chemical industry can be exercised.

SrAl2O4: Eu2+,Dy3+ are commercial materials with green persistent luminescence, which have shown actual applications in many fields. The SrAl2O4: Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors were synthesized by the the sol-gel method. We guided the students with the control variate method to analyze the influences of the key factors such as aluminum/strontium adding ratio, aluminum/urea adding ratio and calcining ambience on the luminescence and redox properties of SrAl2O4: Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors. The optimum preparation conditions of SrAl2O4: Eu2+,Dy3+ materials played important roles on the chemical production. This work is helpful to train students’ scientific research and experimental operation abilities, and provides an important referring example for the optimization of samples quality and luminescence properties of SrAl2O4: Eu2+,Dy3+ materials.

To rapidly detect glucose, the immobilized dual-enzymes cascade reactor was designed by co-immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The micromorphology and chemical composition of sodium alginate hydrogel were analyzed by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Meanwhile, the immobilized dual-enzymes co-catalytic system was optimized and applied for the detection of glucose in the beverage sample. Based on the enzyme-catalyzed reaction, an efficient and specific glucose detection method was established by using the cascade reaction of co-immobilized enzymes, which provids a promising strategy to design bio-detechion experiments.

Rock mechanical properties have size effect, and a large number of experiments have proved that rock mechanical parameters may vary with specimen size. This important property of rock is generally ignored in the stability analysis of underground engineering. Rock mechanical property experiments with different sizes are the most basic test methods to study the rock size effect. However, the current rock experiment rules are only for rock specimens with standard sizes, and there is a lack of test methods for specimens with different sizes. Moreover, the current rock mechanics test system is only equipped with test devices for standard-size specimens, and lacks device suitable for other size specimens. This paper proposed the test piece preparation method and test procedures of rock size effect test, designed the auxiliary device of the test, and improved the test method of rock size effect. The uniaxial compression size effect test and Brazilian splitting size effect test of sandstone were carried out to study the relationship between mechanical parameters and sample size. The compressive strength and deformation modulus of sandstone decreased with an increase in the specimen size, and the tensile strength first increased and then decreased.

The parameters of dusty plasma are important factors affecting the electromagnetic characteristics of dusty plasma, and the measurement of microwave attenuation coefficient in dusty plasma is the key link in the inversion of dusty plasma parameters. In this paper, the principle of microwave attenuation measurement was introduced, and the process and necessary setting of microwave attenuation measurement by the measurement system composed of dust plasma generation device, vector network analyzer, broadband horn antenna and so on were stated. The influence of environmental substrate, the interference of reflected signal, the parameter setting of equipment and the experimental data processing on the measurement results were explained and preliminarily solved. The possible errors were discussed, which provides a reference for improving the microwave attenuation measurement method of dust plasma.

Animal specimens not only play an important role in science popularization and scientific research, but also play a unique role in various fields of education due to their intuitive presentation. Because of its precious resources, its repair technology should be constantly updated. This paper introduced the making process of white pigeon peeled specimens in detail, made improvements in some traditional specimen making materials, and improved the hair repair technology of peeled specimens. Based on the process of making white pigeon specimens, the operation precautions for different types of feathers were proposed to provide reference for the repair of feathers of birds.

Since the 20th century, the electronic technology develops rapidly, and the analog electronic technology and the digital electronic technology play an irreplaceable role in its development. As a bridge between theoretical learning and engineering practice, the course of “electronic technology experiment” has been valued for electrical engineering majors. Facing the construction of new engineering, adopting appropriate teaching method of experimental course is the key to improve the teaching quality and effect of this course. For analog electronic technology experiment teaching, the present situation and weaknesses of this course were discussed, and a two-stage exploratory teaching method of analog electronic technology experimental course was proposed. With the organic combination of modern teaching media and diversified experiment platform, the content of experimental teaching was extended, and obtained good teaching effect.

The new engineering disciplines requires the cultivation of innovative and compound talents with wide caliber and thick foundation, which puts forward requirements for students’ interdisciplinary vision and cross-innovation practical ability. As a key link in talent training, practical teaching must keep pace with the times, adopt new teaching concepts, and explore teaching modes and contents that meet the needs of new engineering disciplines. General practice courses have high requirements for professional knowledge but a weak foundation of students who choose courses. In view of this outstanding contradiction, taking the Arduino car control project as an example, the outcomes-based education (OBE) and hierarchical and modular teaching ideas were adopted, and a four-link teaching system driven by interest and a multi-dimensional comprehensive assessment and evaluation mechanism were constructed. The graphical programming applications App Inventor 2 and Mixly were explored to program android phones and Arduino cars respectively, thus realizing the “black box” bluetooth remote control of Arduino cars. The results showed that the difficulty of programming was greatly reduced, the students’ interest in independent learning was stimulated, and their innovative practical ability was expanded.

In this comprehensive experiment course, lithium titanate was prepared by solid-phase synthesis method and used as lithium-ion batteries anode for characterization and electrochemical testing, which focused on the research and development hotspot of “lithium-ion battery”, relied on new energy major, and took practical engineering problems as the breakthrough point. The instructional design revolved around student and outcome-based education. It was combined with courses such as synthesis and preparation of new energy materials, materials analysis and testing methods. The content involved material preparation and characterization, electrode preparation and battery assembly, and performance testing and results analysis. The design and practice of this teaching experiment will help students deepen their understanding of theoretical knowledge, master the basic manufacturing process and testing methods of lithium-ion batteries, further understand the important role of the courses they have learned in the development of the new energy field, and improve their professional identity, independent thinking ability and innovation consciousness.

Aiming at solving the “4 ‘fixed’ and 1 ‘simple’” problem, namely the fixed titles, fixed process models, fixed knowledge points, fixed technology applications in engineering basic experimental education and the regulation of judging everything simply by presentations in the assessment, and aiming to improve the engineering ability, based on the whole life cycle of software, we constructed the “five-order collaboration” full-life-cycle experimental teaching mode, based on which we designed the “dual elements, quantity and quality combined” mode of evaluation that combines process and result evaluations. This teaching mode converted the mode that teacher designs fixed experiments to that students design experiments themselves, which could develop students’ ability of researching, creative and initiative learning. Through the validation of OBE achievement degree and the normal distribution of score results, the learning effect was proved to be improved effectively.

In order to meet the teaching needs of the course of modern analytical methods for natural products of forestry chemical industry in our school, we designed a comprehensive experiment of “high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of flavonoids in Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim from different origins” in conjunction with the construction of “double first-class” majors. The content of quercetin and kaempferol in Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim varieties from different origins was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using methanol extraction and hydrochloric acid hydrolysis, and the results showed that the analytical method was accurate and reliable, and the detection limit was 0.125 μg/g with RSD less than 2%. The teaching practice showed that the experiment deepened students’ understanding of theoretical knowledge, improved the fusion of students’ theoretical knowledge and practical ability, promoted the scientific literacy and comprehensive thinking ability of students, and cultivated students’ creative thinking and teamwork.

Comprehensive innovative teaching experiment on analysis of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in water by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was designed according to the latest research results. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used to enrich PFOA and PFOS in water, and then PFOA and PFOS were eluted, concentrated and transferred to sample vials for analysis by UPLC-MS/MS. This experiment could not only comprehensively examine students’ experimental skills and scientific literacy, but also systematically train students’ professional knowledge to understand environmental problems by combining with new research on analysis technology of emerging pollutants. Finally, the comprehensive quality of students would be enhanced.

In order to facilitate the setting up and reproduction of gearbox faults, a gearbox fault simulation device with a secondary drive has been designed and a signal acquisition and processing system has been developed based on LabVIEW software. The fault simulation system can simulate straight or helical tooth meshing faults and coupled gear and bearing faults at different speeds and ratios. The results show that the fault simulation experimental system is capable of measuring, acquiring and processing vibration signals, which can be used as a practical teaching and research platform for the fault diagnosis technology.

The design requirements for temperature alarm circuits suitable for electronic process internship courses have been proposed, and an expanded design has been proposed based on students’ different abilities. The design scheme, calculation, experimental result analysis, and fault diagnosis analysis of the circuit were introduced. In the classroom teaching of temperature alarm design, students cooperated to contribute design ideas actively, which promoted students’ abilities of team cooperation and innovation, cultivated their abilities of analyzing and solving problems, and laid a solid foundation for future scientific research work.

In order to solve the problem that the theory of gear generation experiment teaching is independent of the engineering practice, the teaching and research group of the mechanical principle of Tsinghua University carried out a systematic teaching reform and design, established the idea and content of comprehensive practice reform for gear design and processing, and constructed the whole process practice method. The basic knowledge of gear design and calculation and theoretical processing method were mastered by using the generating method, and the gear design and simulation and innovative processing method were mastered by introducing the virtual simulation technology. The establishment of the experimental teaching system was conducive to the cultivation of students’ comprehensive ability in the whole process from theoretical design to three-dimensional modeling and simulation, and then to solid processing. It was also conducive to the cultivation of students’ ability of scientific and technological innovation and practical innovation in the future.

With the gradual deepening of the “double first-class” construction of modern universities, the wide and flexible application of large-scale instrument sharing platforms will become a major boost for scientific research. The use training of the instrument is an important foundation for the sustainable development of large-scale instrument sharing platforms. In the context of the rapid development of informatization teaching, relying on smart teaching tool “Rain Class” to create a new training model of “online classroom” equipment can make up for the deficiencies of the existing training model for large instruments. Taking the total organic carbon analyzer as an example, we explored how to create a new training model for the use of large-scale instruments, and explained in detail the changes that the new training model has brought to the training and learning process. It has been verified that the establishment of a new large-scale instrument training model can not only improve the operating efficiency of the instrument, but also exercise students’ comprehensive innovation ability and serve for the construction of “double first-class” high-level disciplines and cultivation of talents in universities.

The teaching content of waste incineration and composting technolog is the solid waste treatment and disposal, but the experiment has problems of high cost, difficulty, risk and long cycle. To solve these problems, this study aims to design a semi-physical simulation solid waste experimental system, including an aerobic composting and waste incineration system. This system uses the dynamic mathematical model to simulate real experiment phenomenon and process in real time. Through the interactive operation of simulation experiment device, the experiment phenomenon and result are consistent with the reality. The system includes the aerobic composting and incineration device, the control unit used to control the aerobic composting and incineration device, the touch screen used to display the data monitored in the aerobic composting and incineration process and the data required in the experimental process of the aerobic composting and incineration device through the control system; and the client installed with the software for virtual simulation of the aerobic composting and incineration process. The client interacts with the incineration system through the communication channel and aerobic composting, achieving the double effects of theory and practice.

Taking the electronic analytical balance used in the experimental teaching in colleges and universities as an example, this paper focuses on the teaching purpose of experimental teaching to cultivate students’ experimental skills and practical ability to discuss the standardization and modularization and develop the corresponding virtual simulation instrument unit. This design not only retains the operation steps and experimental phenomena of electronic analytical balance with high simulation degree, but also provides standard references for other experimental projects, realizes the efficient development and operation of virtual simulation experiment teaching system, and improves the multi-level experiment teaching system.

Taking the large-scale instrument of “boat pool trailer system” as the research object, the characteristics and current situation of high infrastructure requirements, small existing quantity and strong industry background are expounded. In view of the common problems such as the contradiction in the test arrangement of the “boat pool trailer system” in colleges and universities, the lack of professional teams, and the high maintenance costs, several experiences and methods are proposed: improving the institutional system, consolidating the management foundation, strengthening the team building, following up the service quality, optimizing the charging standard, improving the hematopoietic ability, expanding teaching functions, and promoteing the ability training. The use experience shows that the above methods are conducive to improving the use efficiency of the “boat pool trailer system” and giving full play to the value of the instrument to serve teaching and scientific research.

There are limitations in carrying out engineering blasting experiment teaching in universities. The problems of difficult purchase of blasting dangerous goods, strict safety standards for experimental environment, high risk and low repeatability of experimental operation cannot be properly solved. Taking the engineering blasting experiment course of China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) as an example, this paper discussed the necessity of building virtual simulation experiment teaching resources, and introduced the engineering blasting virtual simulation experiment teaching platform, as well as the designed the idea and process of experimental resource construction. Relying on the theoretical course content, this resource can correctly guide students to carry out the following experimental content, such as explosive explosion speed test, intensity test, detonation network connection design and gun hole layout scheme design. In order to restore the real scene to the greatest extent, the R&D team went to the explosive factory to take on-site photos and materials for many times. Moreover, the team is taking the opportunity to explore a new personalized and intelligent experimental teaching mode combining online and offline teaching.

Traditional power electronics experiments are knowledge-oriented for teaching, mainly based on confirmatory experiments, and lack of project training with engineering background. For this reason, the modular circuits and open interfaces in hardware, and digital processing technology in control were used in the bidirectional DC-DC converter designed in this paper. Students’ application, design and innovation abilities can be cultivated by the bidirectional DC-DC converter. Firstly, the power electronics innovation experimental platform based on bidirectional DC-DC converter was built. Secondly, the hardware design of the bidirectional DC-DC converter was completed, and the converter control system was built. Then the converter topology and control strategy were introduced, the hardware circuit and parameter design were described in detail, and the software design was carried out. Finally, the test and analysis of the software and hardware experimental platform were completed. The experimental results show that the experimental platform built can realize boost discharge operation and buck charge control, which can meet the requirements of innovative experimental teaching.

In order to improve the current situation of inefficient manual operation of laboratory reservation system and maximize the utilization of laboratory resources, a laboratory reservation system was designed and implemented using the Ding Talk YiDA platform, which had combined with the specific situation of the School of Advanced Engineering of the University of Science and Technology Beijing. The system enables students to make online appointment of free time and work positions in the laboratory, open the laboratory under the premise of ensuring the normal operation of experimental teaching in the plan, and maximize the utilization rate of the laboratory and equipment. Meanwhile, it provides students with time and space for independent thinking, independent learning, preparation and practice, offers a guarantee mechanism for the cultivation of innovative talents, and also supplies a new idea for the reform of laboratory reservation system mode in universities.

The experimental instruments and equipment fixed assets of colleges and universities are the crucial supporting conditions and material foundation guarantees for the development of higher education. How to evaluate the performance of internal control management of experimental instruments and equipment scientifically and effectively is of great practical significance for improving the level of internal control management of experimental instruments and equipment. In this paper, the five elements of the COSO internal control integrated framework theory were embedded in the experimental instruments and equipment management of colleges and universities. The performance evaluation index system of internal control of experimental instruments and equipment management in colleges and universities and the performance evaluation model of internal control of experimental instruments and equipment management in colleges and universities based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation were constructed, and an example of a university was given to make an empirical analysis. The analysis shows that using the model of experimental instruments and equipment management performance evaluation of internal control can objectively and quantitatively reflect the level of performance management of the internal control of experimental instruments and equipment in colleges and universities, and promote the standardized management and internal control performance management of experimental instruments and equipment in colleges and universities.