Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technology has become an effective method for monitoring trace gas composition in atmosphere. The dynamic auto-collimation open FTIR system devoloped by Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechamics, CAS, has been used to continuously monitor the atmospheric trace gases in the chemical industrial park in Qingyang city, Gansu Province, China. Continuous monitoring was carried out and compared with the monitoring data of foreign open FTIR instruments under the same conditions. The results show that the open FTIR can monitor the pollution gas components in the chemical park on-line in real time, and provide a scientific monitoring method for environmental pollution control supervision. The domestic open FTIR is superior to the corresponding open FTIR instruments from other foreign countries in terms of signal-noise ratio.

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, the analytical expressions of the beam width and beam wander for radial array beams in anisotropic turbulent atmosphere are derived. The numerical analysis results show that the beam wander of radial array beams influenced by the number of Gaussian beam is small, but the radius of the ring is large. There is small beam wander for radial array beams with the large radius of the ring. Beam wander is also mainly affected by the power law and anisotropic factor in anisotropic turbulence. Under the same conditions, laser array beams in anisotropic turbulent atmosphere are less disturbed than Gaussian beam.

Convex aspheric mirror surface is a major problem in optical inspection. A method for testing a convex aspheric mirror is proposed by using concavity autocollomatic transflective lens. The transflective lens is composed of a convex spherical surfaces and a concave one. The concave surface is autocollomatic semi-reverse half surface. With the autocollomatic semi-reverse half surface design, the wavefront can be compensated and reflected by the aspheric surface. The light can return along the original path to achieve compensation inspection. The method has the advantages of simple structure, strong detection capability and no center obstruction. Based on the third-order aberration theory, calculation formula of the initial structure of inspection system is deduced, and the key parameters of different convex aspheric mirror inspection systems are obtained. The detection optical path of a convex reflection aspherical surface r03=2000 mm, e2=－2.4 is designed, and the initial structure parameters are optimized using Zemax software. Wavefront aberration of system is less than 0.05λ. The design and simulation results show that the proposed method for testing concavity autocollomatic transflective lens is very beneficial to the inspection of all kinds of convex aspherical mirrors.

The semi-transmitting lens is used in the test of aspheric surface. The semi-transmitting surface and the surface under testing are close to each other in space as two surfaces of the lens. Retro-reflected surface can also compensate the aberrations. This testing can eliminate the obscuration, decrease the size of optical system and increase the ability of compensation. According to the third order aberration theory, a method to obtain the testing parameters of the surface under testing is given. An optical system to test a convex aspheric mirror with diameter of 300 mm and focus of 1200 mm is designed. After the optimization with ZEMAX, the wave front aberration of the testing system is lower than 1/(100 λ), which meets the requirement of optical testing.

The new complexion solutions of the variable coefficients coupling correction modified Korteweg-de Vries (VCmKdV) equations with forced items are constructed in two steps, and the interaction with the solutions is analyzed. Some kinds of new solutions of a nonlinear ordinary differential equation are put forward. The method combing the function transformation with a nonlinear ordinary differential equation is proposed, and the new complexion solutions consisting of exponential functions, trigonometric functions and rational functions of the VCmKdV equation with forced items are constructed. These solutions include the complexion solutions composed of the soliton solutions and period solutions, two soliton solutions and two period solutions.

Ultra-stable lasers are generated by stabilizing their frequencies to the resonances of ultra-stable optical cavities. In order to develop ultra-stable clocks laser for transportable optical clocks, transportable ultra-stable optical cavities need to be developed. Based on the finite element analysis, the vibration-insensitive and structure-robust transportable optical cavity is designed, whose length is 30 cm and it is currently the longest among transportable optical cavities to our best knowledge. The vibration sensitivities of the cavity in three orthogonal directions are measured to be 1.4 × 10 －10 g －1 along the cavity axis (horizontal), 1.5 × 10 －10 g －1 cross the cavity (horizontal), and 1.2 × 10 －10 g －1 cross the cavity (vertical). Compared with normal horizontal-placed optical cavities, the cavity has slightly better vibration sensitivity, and is more robust to be mounted horizontally or vertically. The cavity can be used to develop a transportable optical clock.

A micro erbium-doped fiber super-fluorescent light source is proposed and optimized to meet the requirements of fiber optic gyroscope(FOG). The size is Φ 50 mm × 15 mm. By using the optimized optical design, gain flat filter and some control methods for laser pump and erbium fiber, high performance and stable super fluorescent light source is achieved. The output power is more than 13 dBm. Spectral bandwidth is widen to more than 35 nm. The power fluctuation is less than 1% and the change rate of mean wavelength is less than 5×10－6. The power and temperature stability of the super-fluorescence light source are measured as well. Both the spectrum and output power of micro super-fluorescent light source can withstand severe temperature impact and meet FOG requirements.

With the increasing demand for the application of fiber coupled laser, the requirement for the coupling efficiency of fiber optic and laser laso increases. The positions of the focusing spots of laser with different wavelength are different. The position of the laser focusing spot is one of the important factors affecting the coupling efficiency, and it has certain practicability for the precise positioning of the laser focusing spot. A focusing combined lens group is designed to focus laser beam. The CCD camera is used to collect the images of the front and back laser focusing points. The acquired images are processed by MATLAB software, where the spot is fitted by circle and the diameter of which is calculated. The position of the minimum diameter is the focus position. The results show that the laser focus position with different wavelength is different and the relative errors of focal length are 0.59% and 0.73%, both the measured focus position and the size can be accurate to 0.001 mm. The method has the advantages of simple design, automaticity and accuracy, and especially in judging the focus position of the invisible laser.

The phase conjugation technology can correct wavefront aberration of optical radiation in laser system. Based on Helmholtz equation, a conventional phase conjugate reflection equation set about the correction model for wavefront aberration of laser radiation is established. By using the Lie group analytic procedure, the multiple groups of allowed infinitesimal Lie symmetries and invariant solution of the partial differential equations are deduced, and more importantly, their detailed analytical expressions and properties are also obtained. The results can provide an effective way for the exact analytical solution of the adaptive laser propagation considering the boundary and initial conditions, reveal the inherent principle of the laser wavefront correction, and also provide a verification for the numerical algorithm of the nonlinear optical wave equations.

Quantum key distribution (QKD) generates symmetric keys between two remote parties over an untrusted, authenticated public communication channel with information security. With the development of high-speed QKD technology to widen the applicable areas of the QKD technology, higher requirements for the data post-processing bandwidth of the authentication protocol are put forward. The design requirements of QKD system authentication protocol are analyzed in detail, then a high-speed authentication scheme based on Toeplitz matrix using linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is proposed. This scheme is implemented on FPGA hardware platform using the parallel processing capability of FPGA and pipeline data processing scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve data post-processing bandwidth up to 10 Gbps, which is a promising candidate for ultra-high-speed QKD system implementation in the future.

For the two schemes of classical-quantum signals simultaneous transmission sharing a same fiber-transmission in the same waveband and transmission in distant wavebands, the formulas for calculating the counting rate of spontaneous Raman scattering noise are derived respectively. Based on this, the influence of classical launch power and transmission distance on performance quantum key distribution is analyzed. The simulation results show that the counting rate of spontaneous Raman scattering noise in the same waveband is greater than that in distant wavebands under the same classical launch power. As the classical launch power increases, the slope of counting rate of spontaneous Raman scattering noise in the same waveband is much higher than that in distant wavebands. The quantum key distribution performance of the two schemes is affected both by the classical launch power and transmission distance. It ′ s more suitable to adopt the scheme of transmission in distant wavebands when the classical launch power is at high level and transmission distance is not so far. Conversely, it ′ s more suitable to adopt the scheme of transmission in the same waveband when the classical launch power signal is at low level and transmission distance is great.

The unconditional security of quantum key distribution protocols is based on the assumption of ideal quantum devices, classical devices and random numbers. However, there are some differences between the actual system and the ideal protocol, which may be controlled by the eavesdropper to attack the practical quantum key distribution system. The realistic beam splitter has a wavelength-dependent property, which can be exploited by the eavesdropper to control the measurement basis selection. By proposing the randomness deviation parameters about the measurement basis selection, the wavelength-dependent property can be effectively estimated. More precisely, security of quantum key distribution with wavelength attack is analyzed by utilizing the entanglement distillation and purification technology, and the security key rate is given with different randomness deviation parameters.

Quantum cryptography is the product of the combination of quantum theory and key science, and it is an important part of quantum secure communication. Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is one of the core contents of quantum cryptography. It can transfer keys between two parties that are not fully trusted. At present, it has attracted the attention of researchers at home and abroad. A novel BB84 protocol-based quantum secret sharing with decoy states is proposed. A series of weak coherent pulses generated by Alice are polarizedly modulated, then separated as two series of weak coherent pulses by a beam splitter. The two series of weak coherent pulses are intensity modulated further by a decoy modulator, and then sent to Bob and Charlie. Bob and Charlie measure the weak coherent pulses and announce the results. Based on the results, Alice, Bob and Charlie can obtain the secure key after basis reconciliation, error correction and privacy amplification. As the numbers of qubit generating and measuring devices are reduced greatly, the scheme provides a practical way for QSS technique with less cost.

A digital-mask projection lithography (DMPL) technology based on digital micro-mirror device(DMD) is proposed. The femtosecond laser is used as a light source, combining with a high zoom ratio objective lens to shrink the reaction region of photoresist with photons. By adjusting the light field distribution, the spatial resolution of the DMD projection lithography is improved to submicron, and maskless projection lithography with a cross-scale processing capability (a single exposure area of over 100 μ m and an exposure accuracy of hundreds nanometers) is realized. Detailed analysis of the geometry and physical optics models is studied theoretically. The relationship between the number of pixels and the size of the processing structure are clarified. The key technical issues of limited resolution in DMPL are investigated based on the physical optics model.

The LLP variational method with linear combination operator are used to study the properties of weak coupling polarons in monolayer graphene(MG). The relationships between the ground state energy of weak coupling polarons, Debye wavenumber of the phonon and the vibrational frequency have been investigated. It is found that the first excited state energy and transition energy(TE) of the polaron has a linear relationship with the Debye cut-off wavenumber(DW), and the vibrational frequency. The result of numerical calculation shows that the ground state energy, the first excited state energy and TE of the polaron in MG can be tunabled by controlling the DW and vibrational frequency. The ground state energy increases with the increase of DW and vibrational frequency, while the first excited state energy and transition energy are not monotone function of vibrational frequency.

The electronical properties of a kind of anti-ferromagnetic Co-based layered compound oxide Ca 2 Co 2 O 5 are investigated by the density functional theory method. The results show that there are five sub-bands for spin up and down electrons, and there are many energy bands near Fermi energy which show wider allocation. The spin up electrons forms semiconductor type band structure with indirect band gap of 0.0112 eV, nevertheless the spin down electrons forms the metallic band structure. The contribution of s state electrons to density of states is the least, that of p state electrons is in the middle, while d state electrons contribute the most. The electrons of the CaCoO sub-layer contribute to the system much more than that of the electrons of CoO sub-layer. The Ca electrons contribute to density of state far from Fermilevel, the Co electrons contribute to density of states near Fermi level, and the O electrons form bands near Fermi level as well as －19 eV. The Co d and O p electrons contribute to electronic properties of the anti-ferromagnetic Co-based layered oxide Ca 2 Co 2 O 5.

The stand-off Raman spectroscopy is developed from the microscopic Raman spectroscopy, which is based on the Raman scattering effect. In recent years, the stand-off Raman spectroscopy has become a research hotspot with the improvement of the needs of stand-off explosives detection and planetary detection. The technology improvement of lasers and detectors provides new methods for the study of stand-off Raman spectroscopy. The main methods of remote Raman spectroscopy and the experimental devices used in this method are introduced. Some new technologies put forward in recent years are summarized, and the reasons of the technical methods choosing as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed, so as to explore how to obtain a better result according to the different detection purposes. The future development direction of remote Raman spectroscopy is also discussed.

In order to reduce the thermal dissipation of master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) fiber laser drive system, and improve its electro-optical efficiency and output energy of single pulse, a method of air-cooled constant temperature operation and intelligent program-controlled power supply is proposed. According to the overall design goal of the drive power, detailed research is carried out on refrigeration mode and selection of the refrigerating device. The temperature control of the whole laser system is realized, and temperature error of the system is ± 0.5 ° C. The relationship between amplifier pump output energy, input voltage and input current is investigated. The constant current driving current of the pump source is larger than 10 A, and the driving current of the pulse is larger than 20 A. The experimental results have a significant reference value for design of MOPA fiber laser.

Beam-splitting photodetectors in optical communication network monitoring systems are used to detect the flow of optical signals and have a large number of applications in the field of communication and signal detection. In order to meet the device usage requirements, a beam-splitting photodetector film is developed based on ion beam aided deposit(IBAD) technology. Its transmission and reflection energy splitting ration is 50:50 in the wavelength range of 1520 ～ 1620 nm. The optical constants of coating material are analyzed and calculated. By establishing the error function, the error of optical constant of coated material is optimized and reduced. In the design of beam-splitting photodetector film, the spectrum curve is smoothed by adding the dummy layer, and the sensitivity of the layer thickness is reduced. As a result, the difficulty of the preparation process is reduced. The transmittance and reflection splitting ration of the prepared beam-splitting photodetector film in the wavelength range 1260 ～ 1620 nm is less than 50:50(±0.5%), which meets the requirements of the parameters.

In order to test the mechanical strength of optical fiber, the fiber tensile tester and special fixture are designed. They are used to test the mechanical strength of common temperature fiber and vulcanized fiber. In common temperature, the average maximum tensile strength of Corning 900 fiber is 61.4 N, and that of SMF-28 bare fiber is 49.3 N. After vulcanization, the average maximum tensile strength of both kinds of fibers is 57.3 N and 47.6 N respectively. By the method of fracture model analysis, the scanning electron microscope(SEM) is used to observe and detect the common temperature fiber and the vulcanized fiber. And the difference of the sections between the two fibers is compared. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) is used to further detect. It is proved that sulfur exists in the vulcanized fiber. The reasons for the decline of mechanical strength of vulcanized fiber are explained.