In recent years, researches about the controllable group velocity using differerent methods arouse great interest among researchers. With the development of controllable slow and fast light propagation, discussions about the information speed under abnormal light velocity have been reported. In this work, the information speed in ruby crystal and C60 solution under the slow and fast light conditons are discussed respectively. The results demonstrate that, in our experiment, the information speed is smaller than light speed in a vacuum, although the light group velocity may exceed the light speed in a vacuum. This result is in accordance with the causulty.

The propagating characteristics of the electromagnetic waves through two-dimensional square lattice photonic crystal coupled-cavity waveguides are studied by the finite-difference time-domain method, which consists of dielectric cylinders with a permittivity of 8.9 immersed in air. The simulated results show that the guiding mode region can be controlled by partially changing the circular rods with oval rods adjacent to the cavities and seting the elliptical rod′s rotating angles to different values. When the rotating angles of the oval rods around one cavity are set to be equal and be different to those of the oval rods around the adjacent cavities, the group velocity can be greatly reduced and high transmission efficiency of light transmission is insured. And the information of different frequencies can be shared and chosen at the same time by the photonic crystal waveguide branch based on the above structure.

Autocorrelation-based velocity measurement is studied with self-mixing speckle in an erbium-doped ring laser. The autocorrelation function of self-mixing speckle is deduced using the optical feedback theory of fiber ring laser, and a relation between the autocorrelation frequency of speckle signals and the velocities of moving object is theoretically obtained. Utilizing the experimental system based on an erbium-doped fiber(EDF) ring laser, the velocity measurement is carried out toward a dynamic target with different velocities. Linear relationship between autocorrelation frequency and the velocity of the target is proved. The result indicates that the autocorrelation of self-mixing speckle in a fiber ring laser can be applied to velocity measurement.

Ellipsometry can not be directly tested by thin film optical parameters, which needs approximate solution method for numerical inversion. Using genetic algorithms, the selection operator, mutation operator and crossover operator are improved by drawing from competition, selection and fitness niche adjustment idea. The improved algorithm is effective in preventing the "premature" phenomenon. It searches the global optimal and reduces the requirements on the operator to set the initial value on the fitted model. In practice, by comparing the results of the three fitting methods, we gain reliable optical constants of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films prepared under certain conditions. The improved genetic algorithm is effective to fit thin film optical constants through a large number of fitting.

Angular multiplexing excimer master oscillator power-amplifier laser (MOPA) system is simplified by object-image conjugate structure. Relations between the drifts of optical components and the deviation of corresponding imaging plane are derived by transfer matrix and ray tracing. The index weight is determined by improved analytic hierarchy process according to nine scale evaluation matrix, and the beam positioning stability requirement of optical components which affects system stability is acquired. Results show that the error budget values of optical components is related to the focus of image-relaying and the distance from object plane. The values change conversely with the focuses. The optical components stability in laboratory environment is measured and compared with those of error budget.

The theory of grating external cavity semiconductor lasers is discussed, and the influences of different factors on the output power and linewidth reduction of the Littrow-type external cavity semiconductor lasers are numerically simulated. The Littrow-type grating external cavity semiconductor laser is set up, and single longitudinal mode and highly-equality laser output is realized. The continuous output power is achieved with 180 mW at working current of 400 mA and the spectrum linewidth is less than 1 MHz.

Eu3+-doped YF3 was prepared by a hydrothermal process. The structure and morphology of the sample were analyzed. The results indicate that the synthesized sample is single phase and the particle size is homogeneous. The excitation and emission spectra of YF3:Eu3+ were investigated by fluorescence spectrophotometer. The excitation spectrum has several excitation bands at 320，365，386,397,418 and 467 nm, and the main peak value is 397 nm. Typical Eu3+ emission peaks at 591 nm（5D0→7F1） and 612 nm（5D0→7F2） are observed when excited by 397 nm, and the strongest emission is 591 nm, demonstrating that the rare earth ions occupy the centrosymmetrical sites in YF3. The influence of the concentration of Eu3+ ions to the emission intensity was investigated, and the results show that the emission spectrum intensity increases with increasing Eu3+ concentration, and reaches the maximum value when the molar fraction of Eu3+ is 2%, and then decreases due to the concentration quenching.

The effects of DNA-short tandem repeat (STR) profiling about latent blood fingerprints on different surfaces are studied by 3131XL genetic analyzer which are irradiated by ultraviolet light. Results show that the DNA of latent blood fingerprints on porous surfaces is damaged worse than that on non-porous surfaces after ultraviolet irradiation. In the same amount of time of ultraviolet irradiation, with the concentration of the dilution, the detected number of STRs is gradually reduced.

Based on the background noise, the generation of short pulse series and comb-like spectrum are numerically simulated by the amplitude modulation of continuous wave (CW). The results show that the stability of short pulse series and comb-like spectrum can be improved by the amplitude modulation. The modulation parameters play a key role on the output signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and the stability of comb-like spectrum. The region of modulation parameters with stable comb-like spectrum is also obtained.

Based on the vector diffraction theory and by using the optimizing toolbox in MATLAB, a five-zone amplitude and phase hybrid filter is designed to increase the focal depth of a near-field solid immersion lens (SIL) optical storage system. In the process of design, the spot intensity is constrained to half of the spot intensity without a filter and the spot size is constrained to equal to the spot size without a filter. When the designed filter is applied in a SIL near-filed optical storage system it improves the focal depth by 1.6 times. At the same times, it effectively restrains the expansion of recorded spot size with the increase from the SIL-air interface.

Among the reshaping systems converting a Gaussian beam to a flattop beam, the system composed of a plane-concave and a plane-convex lens, is a relatively simple structure. In actual production processing, the asphericity of an aspheric surface is directly relative to its manufacture difficulty. Based on theoretical analysis of the conversion from a Gaussian beam to a flattop beam, the influences of several characteristic parameters on the sectional curves of aspheric surface of lenses are calculated and analyzed. Then, according to the actual requirements of input expressions in ZEMAX, a better structure of aspheric lenses system is obtained under condition that compactness is not destroyed and the asphericity is reduced. At last, physical optics propagation through the aspheric system is analyzed and then the irradiance distribution is discussed.

The central hub radial support structure of primary mirror in large aperture telescope is analyzed. A kind of central hub with an expanding ball has been designed, and its capability in different aperture mirror and situation is demonstrated. It has been used in mirror support structure, and can efficiently restrict two displacement degrees in the plane perpendicularly to the optical axis. At the same time, it cooperates with the axial and radial support of primary mirror, which can bear partial weight of primary mirror and guarantee the deformation accuracy of optical surface. The central hub strcuture can also accommodate different temperatures of environment. The results are successfully applied in some primary mirrors from aperture 300 to 1230 mm.

The optical design, fabrication and testing of hybrid diffractive-refractive optical lens are discussed. A hybrid lens with continuous structure is fabricated using single-point diamond turning according to the design. Advanced digital testing methods are utilized for testing the hybrid lens. The testing result shows that, the profile accuracy is 0.228 μm, the surface roughness is 1.279 nm, and position error of step is less than one third of the wavelength. Quantitative analysis of transmission blockage and transmission loss of light of hybrid diffractive-refractive lens is given.

Since the specific products, the current algorithms are complex and almost realized with pure software in computer, a new video vehicle tracking embedded system is proposed. Programmable chip is used to make the video detection independent of computer platform. The Nios II soft core-processing unit (CPU) and peripherals intellectual property (IP) cores are the hardware platform. They are combined with the A/D and D/A video interface, and the μC/OC as the real-time operating system, which is the software of the embedded video detection. Finally, an experimental project is designed to verify the validity of the design.

The acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is one kind of fast tunable prismatic elements based on acousto-optic interaction in anisotropic material. The wavelength of the output light can be tuned fastly and flexibly by changing the frequency of the applied acoustic wave. The spectral resolution is one of the main indice for evaluating the performance of AOTF. The TeO2 based noncollinear AOTF is selected as an object. From the basic theory of acoustic-optic interaction, the equation of the spectral resolution is deduced systematically, and the related factors are analyzed. The relationship of the essence property of TeO2 material (particularly the rotatory property of TeO2) and the spectral resolution is discussed.

The divergence of Lax series field is eliminated by using Weniger transformation. The Weniger transformation field (WTF) is compared with the complex-source-point spherical wave field (CSPSWF) obtained by numerical simulation, which strictly satisfies the Maxwell equations. The results show that WTF accords with CSPSWF as the beam waist radius w0>2.23λ (beam wavelength), while WTF is more accurate than CSWF as w0<2.23λ.

Nonclassical properties of a two-mode field initially in a SU(1,1) coherent state resonantly interacting with a Ξ-type three-level atom are investigated numerically. The influences of the initial intensity of the light field, the coupling constant and the selective atomic measurement on the sum squeezing of the light field, the sub-Poisson distribution of photon, the mode-correlation properties and the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality are discussed. The results indicate when the initial intensity of the light field is increased or the direct state-selective measurement is performed on the atom, the sum squeezing of mode b is distinctly enhanced, and mode b always exhibits the sum squeezing. When the initial intensity of the light field is small and the direct state-selective measurement is performed on the atom, the two modes always exhibit the sub-Poisson distribution. The correlation of the two-mode light is both positive and non classical, and the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is violated.

The line shapes of AlⅠ(394.4 nm) and Al I(396.1 nm) were theoretically simulated based on the one-dimensional radiative transfer model without self-reverse effect. In order to get a more reliable result, an model improvement of the parameter handling approach was made to minimize the number of independent parameters. The revolution of spatial population density distribution of species was shown in different delay times. The effects of population density distribution parameters to the line profile were studied. The relationship between the depth of self-reverse and the population density distribution parameters ratio of lower and upper levels were analysed. A method to judging the line shift was experimentally verified by studying the effects of shift parameter to line profile too.

SiO2 and Si3N4 are chosen as coating materials. The structure of thin films is optimized by using software. Mid-frequency pulse magnetron sputtering is adopted to prepare the films. Deposition rate is calibrated by fitting the measured transmittivity curve of high-reflective thin films, which improves the precision of film thickness monitoring. The anti-IR films and visible light anti-reflective films are successfully deposited on the convex and concave suface of CR39 resin lens respectively. At normal incidence angle, the average transmittivity of the resin lens after coating is more than 95% at 420～680 nm, and is less than 60% at 800～1350 nm, which meets the infrared protective resin lenses need for daily use.