High h-BN ceramics were prepared by an oscillatory pressure sintering technique (OPS), and the effect of oscillatory pressure on the sintering densification and grain growth of h-BN ceramics was investigated. Boron nitride ceramics were also prepared by a hot pressing sintering process (HP). The density, microstructure, fracture reliability, degree of grain orientation, mechanical and thermal properties of boron nitride ceramics at different sintering processes were analyzed. The results show that the fracture surface of OPS specimens is denser, and the grain orientation becomes clear, compared with those of HP specimens. A high proportion of parallel-arranged BN grains can effectively improve the densification of BN ceramics. The maximum hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength of OPS specimens are 0.31GPa, 1.09MPa?m1/2 and 74.4MPa, respectively, which are greatly improved, compared with HP specimens at the same sintering parameters. According to the data of grain orientation determined by X-ray diffraction patterns, the application of oscillatory pressure obviously promotes the densification and sintering of boron nitride ceramics, thus improving the fracture reliability and thermal conductivity.

Si3N4 ceramics were prepared via gas pressure sintering under nitrogen pressure of 1.0 MPa at 1 850 ℃ for 3 h with Y2O3 and MgSiN2 as sintering aids. The effects of MgSiN2/Y2O3 mole ratio and their total amount on the porosity, microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of Si3N4 ceramics were investigated. The results show that the growth of rod-like β-Si3N4 grains was more sufficient and the growth of abnormal grain decreased with the increase of Y2O3 content at the constant total content of MgSiN2 and Y2O3. Si3N4 ceramics with the optimal properties were prepared at a molar ratio of MgSiN2:Y2O3 of 5:2 and the total amount of sintering aids of 10.5%, having the bending strength and thermal conductivity of 510 MPa and 67.01 W?m--1?K-1, respectively.

Aluminium-based ceramics are widely used in aerospace, rail transit and national defense due to their advantages like light mass, high specific strength, small thermal expansion coefficient, high dimensional stability, high temperature resistance, remarkable fatigue resistance and excellent wear resistant. In this paper, SiCp-B4Cp(m(SiCp):m(B4Cp)=1:1) reinforced Al matrix (i.e., (SiCp-B4Cp)/Al) composites were prepared by a selective laser melting (SLM) method with SiC and B4C as reinforcing phases and pure Al powder as a matrix material under certain conditions (i.e., powder layer thickness and hatch distance of 0.05 mm, scanning speed of 300 mm/s and laser power of 350 W). The effect of SiCp-B4Cp content on the microstructure, porosity, microhardness, friction and wear properties and flexural strength of (SiCp-B4Cp)/Al composites were investigated. The results show that the (SiCp-B4Cp)/Al composites reinforced with 10% SiCp-B4Cp exhibit the minimum apparent porosity (i.e., 4.5%) and flexural strength (i.e., 177 MPa), and the composites reinforced with 20% SiCp-B4Cp have the maximum hardness, lowest friction coefficient and wear rate (i.e., 172.6 HV0.1, 0.4 and 3.4×10-5 mm3N-1m-1).

An efficient and eco-friendly oil-water separation strategy is urgently needed to solve the problem of oily sewage due to the frequent occurrence of oil leakage accidents. Diatomite porous ceramics were firstly prepared by a foaming-gelcasting method, and then superhydrophilic-oleophobic diatomite porous ceramics were prepared by a simple vacuum impregnation method with the diatomite porous ceramics as a matrix and fluorine-containing polymer (Capstone FS-50) as a modifier. The effect of sintering temperature on the phase composition, microscopic morphology and physical properties of porous diatomite ceramics was investigated and the influence of CS-50 concentration on the oil contact angle and chemical stability of the surface of modified diatomite porous ceramics was also analyzed. The mesopore structure of disk-like diatomite becomes more and more blocked, the porosity of the porous samples decreases from 84.3% to 81.6% and the compressive strength increases from 0.93 MPa to 2.01 MPa as the sintering temperature increases from 1 100 to 1 200 ℃. The oil contact angle of the prepared modified diatomite porous ceramics firstly increases and then becomes stable with increasing Capstone FS-50 concentration. At the concentration of Capstone FS-50 of 5%, the oil contact angle of the porous ceramic is high up to 138°, and whose water contact angle is about 0°. In addition, the modified diatomite porous ceramics still maintain hydrophilic and oleophobic after soaking in acid, alkali and salt solutions, thus exhibiting superior chemical corrosion resistance.

Porous mullite lightweight materials were prepared by a microemulsion template method and subsequent sintering with fly ash and calcined bauxite as raw materials, Isobam 104 as a dispersant, carboxymethyl cellulose as a suspending agent, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) as a surfactant, isooctane as an oil phase, ethylene glycol glycidyl ether as a binder and tetraethylenepentamine as a curing agent. The influences of fly ash content and Tween 80 content on the phase composition, linear shrinkage, bulk density, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties of porous mullite lightweight materials were investigated. The results show that the linear shrinkage rate, bulk density and mechanical strength of porous materials prepared with 55% fly ash decrease, but the porosity increases as the volume ratio of Tween 80 to water increases from 2:100 to 5:100. When the volume ratio of Tween 80 to water is 5:100, the compressive strength and flexural strength of porous mullite lightweight materials with a porosity of 65.5%, a spherical pore diameter of 162 μm, and a linear shrinkage rate of only 14.5% can reach 42.5 MPa and 26.0 MPa, respectively.

ZrB2 with different volume contents (30%, 35%, 40% and 45%) was in-situ synthesized in SiC matrix with silicon carbide (SiC), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), boron carbide (B4C), water-soluble phenolic resin and carbon black as raw materials. SiC-ZrB2 composites were prepared via pressureless sintering. The effect of ZrB2 content on the microstructure and properties was investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and electronic universal tests. The results show that the phase composition of the composites with different ZrB2 contents are SiC and ZrB2 with a little of B13C2. The grain size of ZrB2 increases, the particles interconnect, the density, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the composites increase when ZrB2 content increases. At ZrB2 content of 45%, the volume density, open porosity, relative density, flexural strength, vickers hardness and volume resistivity of the composites are 4.16 g/cm3, 0.27%, 95%, (332±17) MPa, (16±2) GPa and (2.35±0.7×10-6) Ω?m, respectively.

Luminescent fiber with a red thermochromic pigment was prepared via wet spinning. The effects of micro-morphology, phase structure, thermal stability, mechanical property, thermochromism and pigment doping on the reflectivity and luminescent properties of the fiber were investigated. The results show that the spinning process and the addition of pigments do not change the phase structure of rare-earth element luminescent materials in the composite fiber. The fiber is basically stable below 200 ℃. The fiber has good mechanical properties. The doping amount of pigment is negatively correlated to the reflectivity of fiber. Under the standard light source, the fiber is red and white at 25 ℃ and 45 ℃, respectively. Under the ultraviolet-visible light source excitation, the fibers exhibit red and yellow-green color at 25 ℃ and 45 ℃ in the dark, respectively. , The fiber with the pigment addition of 8% has good luminescent property and discoloration effect.

A Sr0.95Al2O4:0.02Eu2+, 0.03Dy3+ phosphor was synthesized via co-precipitation with ultrasound assistance and subsequently sintering at 1 200 ℃for 3 h. The effect of ultrasonic time on the qualities of the precursors and the phosphors as well as the photoluminescent/ mechanoluminescent properties of the phosphors was analyzed by laser particle size analysis, specific surface area measurement, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, plasma emission spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry, respectively. The results show that the ultrasound in co-precipitation process can improve the crystallinity of crystalline, and increase the actual doping amount of Eu2+/Dy3+ ions in the phosphors. Compared to the phosphor synthesized in the absence of ultrasound, the photoluminescent intensity and mechanoluminescent intensity excited by impacting on the sample of phosphor synthesized in the presence of ultrasound for 40 min can be increased by 45.67% and 148.73%, respectively. This is possibly due to the improved crystallinity and the increased actual doping amount of Eu2+/Dy3+ ions in the phosphor. Furthermore, the mechnoluminescent mechanism of Sr0.95Al2O4:0.02Eu2+, 0.03Dy3+ phosphor synthesized with respect to the effect of ultrasonic assistance was also discussed.

The effect of heating rate on the microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3-Co2O3-MnO2-Cr2O3-SiO2 varistors was investigated. ZnO grains grow rapidly with decreasing the heating rate from 3 ℃/min to 1.5 ℃/min, resulting in the deterioration of the uniformity of the sample structure. When the heating rate increases from 3 ℃/min to 10 ℃/min, the defect diffusion becomes weakly, hindering the formation of the double Schottky barrier. When the heating rate is 3 ℃/min, the maximum nonlinear coefficient of the sample is 43.4, the minimum leakage current is 1.0 μA/cm2, the voltage gradient is 448 V/mm, the standard deviation is the minimum, and the stability of the sample is the optimum. The loss tangent tanδ under the action of an electric field at 200 Hz-2 MHz is less than 0.03. The optimum overall electrical performance of ZnO varistor can be obtained at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min. Also, the existence of the negatively charged a Bi-rich phase (i.e., Bi3.73Sb0.27O6.0+x) at the grain boundary has an influence on the electrical properties of ZnO varistors.

The dielectric parameters of high-Al aluminum silicate fiberboard (HAF) at 915 MHz and 2 450 MHz and 25-1 000 ℃ were measured by a resonant cavity perturbation method. The power transmission coefficient of HAF was calculated based on an electromagnetic wave transmission line theory, and the transmission performance of HAF at different affecting factors was analyzed. The results show that the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of HAF increase at 800 ℃ and the both frequencies. The transmission performance of HAF is different under different polarization modes. Its transmission performance in a transverse magnetic field is better than that in a transverse electric field, and there is the Brewster angle (i.e., 50°-53°), which fully makes the microwave transmitting in transverse magnetic field. The transmission performance of HAF fluctuates with the increase of thickness, and its power transmission coefficient curve has a multiple transmission peak in the thickness range of 0-0.2 m.

C/SiC composites were prepared by the hot-pressed sintering process with SiC powder, carbon fiber and phenolic resin as raw materials. The effects of sintering pressure, sintering temperature and carbon fiber content on the ablation resistance of C/SiC composites were investigated via a designed orthogonal experiment. The phase composition, microstructure and ablation resistance of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and oxygen-acetylene ablative method. The results show that the dominant factor affecting the ablation resistance of C/SiC composites is sintering temperature, while the minor factor is carbon fiber content. Increasing the sintering temperature and hot pressing pressure can be beneficial to the densification of the sample. However, the excessive sintering temperature and sintering pressure can promote the diffusion of Si element into carbon fiber that does not favor the ablative performance. In addition, the introduction of excessive carbon fiber is not conductive to the densification of the sample, thus leading to the ablation resistance reduction. With the sintering temperature of 2 050 ℃, the hot pressing pressure of 20 MPa and the volume fraction of carbon fiber of 25%, the obtained samples exhibit the superior ablation resistance with a mass ablation rate of 2.0 mg/s.

Pr1.8Ba0.2Ni0.5Cu0.4Co0.1O4+δ cathode material with Ruddlesden-Popper phase was prepared by sol-gel method, which was evaluated the reduction performance in an oxidizing atmosphere as cathode in for proton conductor solid oxide fuel cells. Crystal structure, physical properties and electrochemical was concluded that the impedances at 750 ℃ in air and in aqueous argon are 0.047 Ω?cm2 and 1.161 Ω?cm2, respectively. The formation of oxygen vacancies and proton defects in the structure facilitates the conduction of ions and protons, and the oxygen reduction capacity was improved compared with the materials without cobalt doping.

Scratch tests were conducted on 6H-SiC single crystal wafers at different speeds and crystal orientations by a micron-/nano-sacle mechanical test system to analyze the friction coefficient, scratch depth of cut and surface three-dimensional morphology of the scratches. The results show that when the static load is 4 N or 6 N and the scratch speed is 0.2-1.6 mm/min, the scratch friction coefficient, scratch cutting depth and scratch width increase with the increases of load and scratch speed, and the plastic deformation area of SiC single crystal sheet increases and the surface becomes rougher. The friction coefficient is lower for low-speed scratching, thus reducing the wear rate of diamond head to some degree. The accumulation and pit degree of scratch materials at different crystal orientations are different. When the scratch crystal orientations are [1120] and [11201120], the friction coefficient, peak height and valley depth of scratch morphology are smaller, while the scratches along the [2-110] and [12-101210] crystal orientations are larger. The former is easier to realize plastic removal than the latter.

ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by a seed-induced strategy in a template-free gel synthesis system of high concentrations. The effects of seed size and seed amount on the morphology of the products were investigated, and the amplification synthesis was also conducted. The results show that the monodispersed and uniform ZSM-5 zeolite with a hexagonal plate morphology can be obtained via seed-induced synthesis. The size of seeds has an effect on the size of the induced ZSM-5 zeolite crystals. The smaller seeds can induce the formation of smaller ZSM-5 zeolite crystals. Meanwhile, little differences appear in the size distribution and pore structure of synthesized zeolites. The size of the synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite product decreases with the increase of seed amount, thus obtaining different sizes of ZSM-5 crystals from micron-scale to submicron-scale. The product preparation can be scaled up to 20 times and the product prepared in a larger scale preparation has good crystallinity and thermal stability. The yield of zeolite product can reach over 90%.

The ZSM-22 zeolite was synthesized by like solid-phase method with solid silicon as a silicon source. The effects of silicon source type, seed, alkali/silica ratio, crystallization temperature/time and stirring rotational speed in the crystallization on the synthesis performance were investigated. The result indicate that the ZSM-22 zeolite with a high crystallinity can be prepared under the optimum conditions (i.e., n(KOH):n(Al2O3):n(SiO2):n(H2O):n(DAH):n(seed) of (0.150-0.180):0.012 5.000:1.000:(5.100-7.900):0.300:0.068, crystallization temperature of 443 K, crystallization time of 16 h and stirring rotational speed of 20 r/min). Compared to the conventional hydrothermal method, the like-solid-phase method can reduce the crystallization time and increase the solid content of feeds and product yield. The zeolites synthesized by hydrothermal and like-solid-phase method were characterized by X-ray diffraction, specific surface area measurement, pyrolysis infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy，respectively, showingthat they have differences in the acidity distribution and pore structure.

The interface chemical bond, potential fiber de-bonding fracture, potential fiber slip fracture and slip hardening interface characteristics were concerned based on the micron-scale pull-out characteristics of single staple fiber from the hardened matrix. The crack bridging stress-crack (σB-δ )opening relationship based on high ductility cementitious composite (HDCC) design theory was analyzed, and the (σB-δ )relation model of HDCC was proposed. In addition, the established model was verified by the experimental test data, indicating that the properties (i.e., tensile strength and average crack opening after failure) of HDCC predicted by the model are in reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

Chalcogenide glass possesses significant potentials for applications in photonic devices due to its high refractive index, wide infrared transparency window, low nonlinear loss, and fast nonlinear response. With the development of nanofabrication technology in recent years, novel micro/nano photonic devices based on chalcogenide glass have been widely used in the fields of telecommunication, security, medical and environmental applications. In this review, recent work on the preparation technologies of chalcogenide glass thin films, micro-/nano-device fabrication methods, the application and future prospects of chalcogenide glass optical devices was represented, respectively, based on the physical and optical properties of chalcogenide glasses.

This review represented some topics for molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, i.e., the initial conditions, algorithms, empirical potentials, and thermodynamic ensembles, and their application in simulation of glass materials. The methodologies of structural analysis and property calculation of glass materials were summarized. Recent development on the MD simulations of glasses, such as the structure model of oxyfluoride glass, the design of glass ceramics with target crystal phase, the prediction of compositional-dependent crystallization phase evolution and crystalline phase transformation via simulation of phase separation, optimization of the luminescent performance of glass ceramics, and improvement of the mechanical strength of aluminosilicates glass were represented. In addition, three future research directions were also prospected, i.e., the parameters of the simulation system to improve the accuracy of the results, the potential function with the help of first-principles molecular dynamics, and the practicability of the simulation with combining other methods.