The concept of adaptive lens was briefly described， and the basic zoom principle of adaptive lens was introduced. The basic structure and principle of optical imaging system based on adaptive lens were analyzed. Several typical optical imaging systems based on the adaptive lens， such as microscope， camera and telescope， were summarized. The development trend of the optical imaging system based on adaptive lens was summarized.

A miniature flat-field spectrophotometer was designed by using the mode of “first absorption then spectroscope”. The multi-channel silicon photodiode array detector and flat-field concave holographic grating were used and the collimating and focusing structure were integrated into one.Based on the selected flat field concave grating， the structure analysis and design of the spectrometer unit was completed.By studying the structure of the miniature flat-field spectrophotometer， a method for the analysis of spectral bandwidth broadening effect and the estimation of wavelength error was proposed.The near-straight spectrum was obtained within the predetermined working band range， and the multi-wavelength synchronous measurement of a single signal beam received could be realized. The working band covered 340 nm~800 nm， and the spectral bandwidth was better than 8 nm.

The light-emitting diodes （LEDs） was fabricated， which consisted of p-NiO/MQWs/n-GaN heterostructure with NiO as a hole injection layer on MQWs/n-GaN by using Rf magnetron sputtering equipment. The structure， morphology and optical properties of the NiO layer were tested by X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Atomic Force Microscope （AFM） and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer （UV-2700）， and the results showed that the NiO film had good crystalline quality. The Current-Voltage （I-V） and electroluminescent （EL） characteristics of p-NiO/MQWs/n-GaN heterojunction devices were tested. The I-V characteristic test results showed that the device had obvious rectifier characteristics and the turn-on voltage was about 2.9 V. The test results of EL characteristics showed that the blue-violet light emission was realized at room temperature， and the electroluminescence mechanism of the device was studied by combining the photoluminescence （PL） spectrum of MQWs/GaN and the energy band structure diagram of the device.

A lightweight optical system for helmet-mounted low-level-light night vision system was designed， including objective lens and eyepiece. In order to improve the imaging quality of the system while realizing the light weight of the optical system， the aspheric lens were employed in this design. Firstly， the lens parameters of the objective lens and eyepiece were determined according to the theoretical calculation， the proper initial structure was chosen， then， the aspheric surface was used for optimizing design， finally， a object lens with 7 lenses and an eyepiece with 2 lenses was presented， with the weight of the objective lens reducing form 35 g to 26 g， the weight of eyepiece reducing from 52 g to 20 g， and the weight of the total system reducing 41 g， the lens weight reducing by 47%， finally achieving the weight reduction of the system.

Front-illuminated charge-coupled devices （CCD）based on silicon substrate always have a lower response in ultraviolet spectral range.Research of enhancing the quantum efficiency performance of the front-illuminated CCD in ultraviolet spectral range was presented. The better result of the transmission film in ultraviolet spectral range at photo sensitive surface， the reduction of interference by surface state at photo?sensitive area and the ultra thin-film hole-accumulation diode（HAD） have been achieved based on the optimization design of anti-reflecting film， the photo?sensitive structure of front-illuminated CCD， as well as the structure and process parameter optimization of HAD that were carried on during the research. The beneficial effect of the greater increase in quantum efficiency performance of the front-illuminated CCD in ultraviolet spectral range detect came from the optimization of anti-reflecting film， the photo sensitive area and the HAD structure，as well as promoting the interacting quantum efficiency of the CCD.The research result indicates that the linear CCD has reached an average quantum efficiency of 46.13% in the spectral range that covers 300 nm~400 nm， and the average quantum efficiency has increased from 8.6% to 47.48% in 340 nm~390 nm spectral range.

Silicon-based photovoltaic cell array panel （Si-PvCA）， as a cost-effective universal visible light communication carrier， is increasingly concerned.However， its VLC bandwidth is limited by single-channel communication mode. Based on the analysis of its key factors， such as the physical structure， optoelectronic feature and circuit topology， a way to improve the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and implement the space division multiple access （SDMA）-multiple input multiple output （MIMO） based concurrent VLC was proposed by the utilization of its subdividing and reconstruction along with the spatial light distribution characteristics of LED array lighting.A possible way to develop VLC through LED array and Si-PvCA was provided.