As the most closely related layer with human, the planetary boundary layer’s height directly reflects the state of the atmosphere near the ground. Now the lidar has become the most effective tool to observe the planetary boundary layer, but the retrieval of the planetary boundary layer height from a large number of measured data limited its application. Four kinds of commonly used methods, such as the gradient method, standard deviation method, fitting method and wavelet covariance transform method, are introduced and analyzed, with the continuously measured data of polarization-Raman-Mie scattering lidar. The results show that the four methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The gradient method, the standard deviation method and the wavelet covariance transform method are similar and accurate in data process, but not stable. The fitting method has good stability, but its derivation is not so accurate relative to the three methods above. All in all, the fitting method is better to be used to process a large number of data.

Optical elements may restrain or strengthen the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the properties of laser. Propagation of a laser beam through turbulent atmosphere with optical elements was investigated. Based on the principle of spatial filters, analytical expression for random deflection of a laser beam was deduced. Numerical calculation was given and comparisons with beam wander for the case when there is no optical elements on transmission path were made. It shows that, whether the beam is collimated or not, with the increment in transmission distance, the changing trend of beam deflection and beam wander are roughly the same and that the properties of laser can be improved by using convex lens on its propagation path in turbulent atmosphere.

The hygroscopic property of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) formed by ozonolysis of styrene has been comprehensively studied on the basis of self-assembled hygroscopic-tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA) and the homemade smog chamber. SOA was produced in the dry chamber (RH<5%) in the presence and absence of ammonium sulfate seed particles, and the diameter-based (70 nm, 85 nm, 100 nm) hygroscopic growth factor (GF) of the SOA as a function of time has been measured by using H-TDMA. It is found that the aerosol water uptake increases with reaction time in the experiment for all the SOA with or without seed particles, which indicates that more highly oxidized polar compounds (more hygroscopic) are partitioned into particles according to the reaction time. The effect of seed particles on the hygroscopicity of the aerosols, although limited by the wrap of organic components, is also investigated. And different classified diameters of SOA exhibit similar hygroscopic growth factors, suggesting that the aerosol composition is independent of particle size.

In order to obtain the relationships between cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing and cloud, the effects of cloud amount, cloud base height and cloud optical depth on cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing are investigated by using SBDART. And the causes of the nonlinearity of the relationships between cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing and cloud amount derived from other experts are analyzed. The results show that, the cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing of the same cloud shows different characteristics in different atmospheric conditions. The cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing increases with cloud cover, and decreases with cloud base height. The cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing also increases with cloud optical depth, but the increasing stops when the optical depth is greater than 10. The nonlinearity of the relationship is caused by the more frequent occurrence of low altitude cloud and cloud of great optical depth as the cloud cover increases.

During the process of monitoring trace gases of the atmosphere based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy and long open path technology, signal amplitude changes relatively large due to the diurnal light intensity variation, atmospheric visibility changes and other factors, and the signal amplitude may exceed the range of A/D conversion after amplification. Automatic gain modular was designed to amplify signals in the laser detection system, and monitor ammonia concentration continuously of Quangang Petrochemical Parks in Fujian Province. The monitoring result shows that the ammonia concentration of the Petrochemical Park has a diurnal variation cycle: the concentration is low in the morning and night, and high in the noon, ammonia mainly comes from fuel combustion and industrial emissions. The problem of large signal fluctuation in the signal acquisition process was solved. The function of the automatic gain modular were verified and the stable and continuous trace gases detection was achieved.

To study volatile organic compounds (VOCs) characteristic in the headspace of lean pork, fatty pork and marble pork during cold storage, the independently developed proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) was applied to directly detect the VOCs in the headspace of the three types of pork during cold storage. Along with the mass spectra of these VOCs when pork was fresh and spoilt, the trend of characteristic VOCs during cold storage were obtained. The result is that ethanol is the common VOCs characteristics of three types of fresh pork, and acetaldehyde is the characteristic of fresh fatty pork. The VOCs in the headspace of three types of pork were in a relatively stable stage during early nine days. After that, the intensity of some sulfur-free VOCs as ethanol increased and then decreased and the sulf-VOCs as dimethyl disulfide increased. However, the abundance and the change speed of VOCs for each type of pork is quite different.

Multi-spectral color synthesis image was extracted directly from R, G, B band of the multi-spectral image. However, due to different performances of the spectral response of multi-spectral imaging detector resulting in the color cast of the synthetic color image, in order to reproduce true color, the color correction was needed. For the lack of traditional white balance method and colorimetric synthesis method, an improved white balance method based on the spectral information was presented for color correction to multi-spectral color synthesis image. It is proved that this method is simple, does not require the standard true color image in the correction process, and does not need to predict the spectral reflectance of all features, but also improves the traditional algorithm, making the images more realistic.

To solve various problems from “isolated information island” of the traditional aerosol scientific data sharing systems, considering the present situation, existing problems and demand of the aerosol scientific data sharing, the C# language and the Browser/Server (B/S) multi-level pattern were used to design and develop the aerosol experiment data sharing system by analyzing classification and characteristics of the aerosol experiment data. The system implemented the classified storage, the management of experiment data, the retrieval and access and visual analysis. The system can provide an efficient, reliable and convenient data management and analysis platform for the follow-up study.

The communication was implemented with the absolute encoder ECN1313 by Endat interface, which was designed by FPGA of Actel Company. This project was described with Verilog language and simulated in ModelSim6.0, and A3P060 of Actel Company was used as a hardware platform in the LiberoIDE v9.0 development environment. The result indicated that it achieved the high precision requirement of sampling angle positioning for multi-angle polarized radiometer by using the value of the receiving position data and provided a guarantee for the instrument to measure atmospheric polarization spectral information.

Now the abroad commercial interferometer ZYGO can provide some surface form evaluation coefficients based on ISO10110-5, which the domestic interferometers don’t have. These surface form evaluation coefficients can be actualized by the method of wavefront decomposition. Firstly the Zernike polynomial coefficients are achieved by Gram-Schmidt least square method, secondly different surface forms are subtracted from the original wavefront which contains the tested information, and thus the quantitative analysis of these coefficients is realized. Contrast with the output from ZYGO, the validity of the data from the self-compiled code is tested. And the interference patterns from the wavefront decomposition are also helpful to the optical processors to analyze the errors and the application result.

The constant current driver circuit is designed for vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), which is used for online measurement of industrial gases. The structure and the operation principle of the constant current driver circuit are described. The circuit with delay and modulation function can drive the VCSEL safely and reliably. The VCSEL combined with tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technique are used to measure different concentrations of oxygen. The ideal test fitting coefficient proved that the driver circuit is reliable for the VCSEL to control output wavelength. So the constant current driver circuit has potential for industrial gas monitoring actually.

Optical system is the key to the miniaturization of spectrometer, which directly affects the performance and accuracy of a miniature spectrometer. After comparing different optical systems, a miniature long-wave infrared grating spectrometer based on cross-asymmetric Czerny-Turner structure is proposed for the purpose of long-wave infrared spectrum detection. First, based on the principle of spectrometer and the theory of optical design, the spectrometer’s spectral resolution, aberration, and detection sensitivity are studied. Then the optical system is optimized for goals of small size, low cost, required spectral range and resolution. Finally, the optical system is simulated in Zemax software. The results show that the spectrometer’s spectral range is 8～14 μm, and the spectral resolution is better than 80 nm, and the volume of the optical system is approximately 100 mm×75 mm×45 mm, which satisfies the requirements of miniaturization. A scanning grating and signal cooled detector are used to reduce costs.