The system performance index of spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS) influenced by elements tolerances, which include the angle tolerances, thickness tolerances, index of inconsistency and so on, is analyzed through processing interference images with non-sequence model of spatial heterodyne spectroscopy. Following the grade of the manufacturing tolerance put forward by non-sequence model, and incident spectrum of SHS recovered by Fourier transformation, the prototype instrument of SHS is built and tested in the laboratory, and the performance characteristics are verified. The goal is to design an interferometer that all components do not need any further position or angle adjustment. According to distribution results of tolerance by analysis, the instrument is produced, and the results show that the instrument performance indexes are in agreement with the theoretical characterization.