Based on Fournier Forand volume scattering function, a simulated model was built to analyze the backscattering properties of laser pulse propagating in water. In this model, in order to obtain light′s impulse response of backscattering in water, Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the process of photon′s propagating. Then, the initial laser pulse and the impulse response were convolved, and the convolution result Fourier spectral was calculated to get the time- and frequency-domain characteristic of the laser pulse′s backscattering signal. Using this model, the influence of the size distribution of scatterer, the relative refractive index of scatterer to water and the attenuation coefficient on the backscattering properties of laser pulse propagating in water was analyzed when the initial laser pulse was approximated by Gaussian function. The result shows that, with the increase of the relative amount of small scatterer, the relative refractive index of scatterer to water and the attenuation coefficient, the energy of the backscattering signal is enhanced, the width is broadened , and the low frequency component is increased notablely.