The 8 mol% Er3+-doped Yb2Ti2O7 powder, which was composed of single phase of Yb2Ti2O7, was prepared by sol-gel method. The green and red upconversion emissions of Er3+-doped Yb2Ti2O7 centered at about 524, 548 and 660 nm were detected by a 980 nm semiconductor laser diode excitation. The intensities of green and red upconversion emissions (Igreen, Ired) increased with increasing the pump power of laser diode. The two-photon absorption upconversion process was involved in the green and red upconversion emissions. With increasing the temperature of Er3+-doped Yb2Ti2O7 powder, Igreen and Ired decreased with the ratio of Igreen/Ired increasing, while the intensity ratio of green upconversion emissions centered at about 524 and 548 nm (I524/I548) increased. The result implies that the Er3+-doped Yb2Ti2O7 powder with the change of green upconversion emissions depending on the temperature of powder has a potential application for optical high temperature sensor.