In order to improve the display effect of high dynamic range images, a high dynamic range image tone mapping algorithm based on cross decomposition is proposed. Based on the analysis of image edge filtering, an image decomposition and reconstruction algorithm based on cross decomposition is given, and the reconstruction coefficients are analyzed, and then applied to tone mapping. First, the chromaticity and brightness information are separated in the chromaticity brightness space. Then, the brightness information is filtered by Gaussian filter and bilateral filter respectively to construct a crossover decomposition scheme, a base layer containing large-scale structure information, a detail layer containing texture information, and the edge layer where the brightness varies dramatically are obtained. Finally, by discussing the reconstruction coefficients in detail, the coefficient selection rules in tone mapping are determined, and the brightness range is compressed and reconstructed. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively compress the dynamic range of the image while maintaining the color information, enhancing the edge and texture details and other features.