The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative analytical method to measure the effective components in the left cetirizine hydrochloride tablets using near infrared spectroscopy combining with a partial least square (PLS) analysis model. The method was internal cross-validated to determine the best wavelength range, spectral preprocessing methods and the optimal number of principal components. The concentration of validation set samples was predictable by PLS model. The RMSECV value was 0.276, and the R2 value was 0.974. Our study suggests that this model can be used for rapid quantitative analysis of left cetirizine hydrochloride tablets from different manufacturers.