In order to realize dual-spectral aerial camera image data transmission, a novel optical transmission system is proposed, then transmission scheme, structure of data frame and timing recovery method are discussed thoroughly. First, valid data in one line are picked up from two detectors before transmitting, a timing recovery method which makes in-out data timing and format consistent, is proposed using line valid interrupt flag. Second, based on transmitting and receiving buffering mechanism, dual asynchronous detectors data are transmitted in a single fiber. Third, transmitting and receiving systems are implemented using large programmable devices which embeds high speed data interface. Finally, behavioral and system verification method is proposed as well. Experimental results indicate that the system could support full, median and base cameral link protocol, serial data transmitting speed could be 6.25 Gb·s-1, and pixel data rate is 40 MHz at most for two detectors. It is very suitable for space and serial remote sensing equipment due to its compact and high reliable structure.