In order to investigate the influences of different primary colors and viewing fields on observers’ color perceptions, three groups of color matching experiments were designed, and 18~23 observers aged from 19 to 25 were organized to carry out the visual experiments. The CIE recommended 5 colors and 4 different field sizes(2°, 4°, 10°, 22°) were used in the experiments, and 1 260 datasets were gathered. The CIE1931, CIE1964 and CIE2006 color matching functions (CMFs) were used to compute the colorimetric values of the target and matched colors, and then CIE DE2000 color difference values were used to test the performances of different CMFs. The distributions of the matched colors from different field sizes and different groups were plotted in a^*b^* and L^*Cab* plane, it can be found that there are larger discrepancies in CIE1931 and CIE1964, as well as CIE2006, especially in red and green colors. The CIE DE2000 color difference values computed by CIE2006 CMFs are the smallest, and CIE2006 CMFs outperformed others in small field sizes (2° and 4°), large filed size (22°). In the filed size of 10, CIE1964 have the best performance. CIE2006 CMFs was used in the following data analysis, and the results indicated that with the increasing of the field size, the hue of the matched red, yellow, blue and gray colors would be shifted with the direction of the bottom right in a^*b^* plane, the chroma of the red and blue colors would be increased, the chroma of the yellow colors would be decreased, there is no obvious variation of the lightness of the matched colors. The primary colors have some influences on the experimental results, the shift of the peak wavelength in blue channels can enlarge the color differences of the target and matched colors, followed by green channel, and finally the red channel. The results can provide datasets and theoretical support to extend the range of the existing CIE proposed CMFs, and also provide guidance for weak or enlarge the observer metamerism in the process of color transmission and reproduction.