Proteins are essential for living organisms because they are main components of the physiological metabolic pathways of cells. As an ultrasensitive technique, surface-enhanced Raman scatting (SERS) has been proved having a great potential in high throughput biomolecules detection, especially in proteins detection. In this paper, recent advances of the development of SERS probe technology were presented, such as immunogold-based method, Raman-active nanomaterial-based sensors, enzymatic-based sensors, and reagent-based sensors.