Based on the Y-shaped cavity frequency splitting method, an orthogonal polarized He-Ne laser was designed and implemented. The structure and basic principle of the laser were introduced in detail, and the transverse and longitudinal models, output powers, the ellipticity of output light and frequency difference lock-in phenomenon and frequency difference tuning characteristics were experimentally investigated. By changing the voltage of piezoelectric transducer applied to the common cavity mirror, the power tuning characteristics of S polarized and P polarized lights were observed and summarized. Furthermore, the interaction mechanism of S polarized and P polarized lights as above-mentioned was also analyzed. Compared with the traditional dual frequency lasers, the characters of the laser, as well as its merits and demerits on the frequency difference stability were presented. Experiments show that the maximum output power of the laser is about 235.2 μW. By adjusting the voltage of the piezoelectric transducer in the P cavity, the frequency difference between the S polarized and P polarized lights is linearly varied from 22 MHz to 1 018 MHz and lock-in frequency difference of the laser is about 22 MHz.