Bird strike event is a serious threat to the safety of aviation operation.Monitoring bird targets via quantum lidar is regarded as an effective means to detect potential bird strike events.According to the spatial location information of bird targets with high precision and high resolution obtained by quantum lidar, and based on the operation characteristics and safety standards of aircraft around the airport, a threat level assessment model is proposed, which comprehensively considers the collision probability of bird targets and damage severity.Because of the use of the exponential function for classification, the threat level assessment model can be more accurate in threat level assessment of bird targets under various situations.The simulation results show that the threat level assessment model based on exponential function can evaluate the threat level of bird targets around the airport well, and the results are consistent with the actual movement of bird targets around the airport, which can provide effective warning for preventing the occurrence of bird strikes.