The software and hardware design of a new intelligent optical fiber circumference alarm system is introduced in detail. The composition of the related hardware, the main points of selection and design of components are presented. The optical fiber vibration sensing, wireless networking, mobile terminals and other technologies are adopted to create a new intelligent circumference prevention and control system. The design process, simulation and experimental results of the optical fiber weak vibration detection algorithm are described in detail. The results show that the system can detect and alarm the intrusion targets well and meet the design requirements.