The transmission characteristics of an excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter （ESFADOF） operating on the 5P1/2→10S1/2 transition (532 nm) in a rubidium vapor cell are analyzed and discussed theoretically. The theoretical model of ESFADOF based on quantum-mechanical perturbation theory and quantum transition theory in the intermediate field is presented. The theoretical results show that the vapor cell operates in an optimal working condition when the laser pump intensity is 20 W/m2 and the rubidium cell (0.1 m in length) temperature is 434 K in an axial magnetic strength of 0.067 T, and the anticipated performance in the line-center operation has been obtained. The transmission spectrum with a higher transmission peak in the line center that is more suitable for a signal light channel is shown. This model predicts that a peak transmission is near to 50% with an equivalent bandwidth of only 2.6 GHz. The spectral properties of the presented Rb-ESFADOF at 532 nm may be used to detect the practical and important frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser.