In order to improve the intersection precision of optical measurement under the conditions of high altitude and far distance, the systematic error of optical measurement data must be accurately corrected, and the unpowered orbit characteristics of high altitude space craft can be used to realize the orbit restrain self–calibration. Firstly, the systematic error model of optical measurement data and the coordinate transition were analyzed. Then, the orbit restrain self-calibration algorithm of optical measurement data was set up. Finally, the simulation test in typical cases was implemented in order to verify the effectiveness of the method. The simulation results show that the systematic error of optical measurement data can be accurately corrected by the technology of orbit restrain self-calibration when the redundant observing data of multiple photoelectric theodolites are used in post data processing.