At present, the compatibility of cement and flash setting admixture often appears in the application of accelerator, and the evaluation of the compatibility of cement and flash setting admixture and its influencing factors becomes a necessity. In this work, the macro-performance and early hydration heat of different cement-accelerator systems were analyzed. The macro-performance and micro-indicators were organically combined to calculate and compare the compatibility of different cement-accelerator systems by a comprehensive method for quantitative evaluation of compatibility, i.e., the multi-factor comprehensive index (f(a) value) evaluation method. The results show that the alkaline flash setting admixture has an optimum compatibility for the Reference cement with the maximum transition phase content, and the maximum f(a) value is 74. Alkali-free flash setting admixture has an optimum compatibility for the Jidong cement with the maximum C3A and C3S contents, and the f(a) values are greater than 80.