Aiming at the requirements of target drone applications, modeling and simulation, outfield testing of infrared radiation characteristics of target drone in flight is necessary, and the results have high confidence level. In this paper, the radiation intensity distribution of the target drone in different azimuth at night is obtained by calibrating the infrared measuring equipment infrared imaging measurement equipment, calculating the path radiation and transmittance, and radiance retrieval. The measurement error is about 21.24%. The radiation intensity is affected by other factors. When the target drone is flying around the equipment, the radiation intensity in different azimuth is basically the same. Tail flame is difficult to detect in long-wave infrared band. In the characteristics simulation and modeling of target drone, the influence of tail flame radiation has little effect. At this distance, the gray contrast between the target and background is only about twice the contrast response threshold of eye. The target drone is hard to track by manual detecting. It should be paid attention to the influence of contrast in the characteristics simulation of target drone. The research results of this paper can provide support for characteristics simulation and modeling of target drone and development of infrared measuring equipment.