In order to solve the problem of mapping quantum circuits to two-dimensional architecture and realizing qubit nearest neighbor, a quantum circuit layout and optimization method in two-dimensional architecture is proposed. Firstly, according to the execution order and interaction of quantum gates in quantum circuit, a depth-first search qubit mapping order based on the weight of qubits is proposed, then the initial qubit mapping is realized by taking into account the relationship between the put qubits in the mapping order, the qubits to be put in and the unput qubits. Secondly, the selection of the same look-ahead quantum cost in the nearest neighbor process is optimized, then according to the optimized cost results, SWAP gates are inserted to realize the nearest neighbor of all double quantum gates. Finally, the proposed method is verified by experiments and compared with the existing methods, and it is shown that the average optimization rate of the propsed method reaches 18% on the small and medium-sized Benchmark and 17% on the medium and large-scale Benchmark.