The defect-mode property of ten-fold photonic quasicrystal (PQC) is investigated, and the changes of light path when introducing different defects are observed. The transmission spectra of ten-fold PQC are calculated by using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. By changing the crystal structure and introducing the point and line defects, the defect-mode characteristics are investigated, leading to the design of good micro-cavity and waveguide structures. In TE mode, the transmission spectra with defect modes are observed and quality (Q) factors are calculated to optimize the micro-cavity structure.It has the biggest Q factor when the central dielectric cylinder is removed. Furthermore, we design different waveguide structures and explore the field distribution. Different waveguide structure can be used to control different light path and choose different incident light frequency.