In the process of shooting range test, the autonomous and stable target tracking of photoelectric theodolite plays an important role.The current tracking mode using single information source is not suitable for different task types and environmental characteristics of shooting range.Based on the photoelectric theodolite tracking system in the shooting range as the research platform, combined with the local or external information data measured in real time during the tracking process, a multi-source optical measurement information fusion tracking method and the corresponding data processing algorithm is proposed.The maximum estimation error of tracking is 2.49′ and the estimated random error is 8″, which meet the tracking accuracy requirement of photoelectric theodolite test task.It is proved that this method can guarantee the stability and reliability of tracking process effectively.