The necessary conditions required to establish optical signal environment simulating system and the importance of designing this system are presented. To meet the requirement for test, the properties of the way to simulate optical signal environment for full object as well as the needs of building the system are analyzed. According to the practical requirements, the hardware and software structure and functions of the simulating system for full object in the field are studied. How to make the whole system operating coordinately to accomplish the task by controlling software is introduced. The basic concept of establishing optical signal environment simulating system and the main way of realizing it are put forward.