There are differences in the geometric positioning accuracy of the domestic mainstream optical satellites with 2 m spatial resolution in different areas. For this reason, based on a rational polynomial coefficients (RPC) model and block adjustment, we proposed a method to test the geometric positioning accuracy of multiple satellites through the same control benchmark. Specifically, taking the Guyuan flat area in Hebei Province as the control area, we evaluated and tested the geometric positioning accuracy of high-resolution single-scene and stereo images from the GF1 series satellites (GF1, GF1-B, GF1-C, and GF1-D), the Ziyuan-3 series satellites (ZY3-1 and ZY3-2), and the Tianhui-1 satellite (TH-1). The research results are shown as follows: (1) Without considering the ground control points, the plane errors of single-scene images from the GF1 series satellites and TH-1 are mostly better than 4.2 m and about 6.36 m, respectively, while the accuracy of stereo images from ZY3-1 is high, with the plane and elevation errors being respectively 11.29 m and 3.5 m or so. (2) Considering the ground control points, all the plane errors of single-scene images from the GF1 series satellites are better than 13.3 m, and those from ZY3-1, ZY3-2, and TH-1 are better than 5.46 m, while for the stereo images of ZY3-1 and ZY3-2, the plane error is about 4.01 m and 4.29 m, and the elevation error is about 1.71 m and 1.61 m, respectively. It follows that the proposed method is reasonable and feasible to evaluate the geometric positioning accuracy of several high-resolution domestic optical satellites.