The painted artifacts is an important part of the cultural heritage. At present, chemical, spectral analysis and digital imaging technologies have been applied in the research of painted artifacts. It is true that hyperspectral imaging technology set spectral analysis and imaging technology have the advantages of being nondestructive, fast imaging and “image-spectrum merged”. Because of these technical characteristics, hyperspectral imaging technology functions under the condition of non-contact and without sample for the non-destructive researching of painted artifacts. Meanwhile, the unique advantage of hyperspectral imaging technology compared to other analysis technique of painted artifacts is that the overall morphology characteristics and the in-depth spectral e characteristics of painted artifacts both can be obtained from hyperspectral images. There are three steps in the research of painted artifacts with hyperspectral imaging technology including data acquisition, data analysis and the application of data. Among them, data analysis and application are the main content of the study. Through summarizing the related researches of hyperspectral imaging technology in painted artifacts, the data processing methods are analyzed from four aspects: hyperspectral dimension reduction, spectral feature parameters, hyperspectral unmixing and classification method. The main functions, common methods and case studies of four data processing methods are described. The application of related researches can be summed up in four directions: vision enhancement, revealing hidden information, production monitoring, and pigment identification, which is described from the content and solved problems. In the end, the challenges of existing related research are summarized, and and carries on the prospects.