The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rising worldwide. The major carcinogenic factor for most skin cancers is solar ultraviolet light, in particular, the chronic exposure to UVB (280–320 nm). In this study, the optical characteristics of skin canceration process induced by UVB were analyzed. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used for monitoring the morphologic changes and compared with histological analysis. Meanwhile, the optical property, such as the attenuation coefficient (μt) was systematically extracted and analyzed. In addition, characteristic textures, including energy, entropy and correlation were revealed from OCT images. Results suggest that OCT is a useful tool for monitoring the process of UVB-induced skin cancer and changes of optical property during this process.