Aiming at the target detection in a large field of view, a localization method was presented based on the artificial compound-eye. By analyzing the relationship between the sub eye Field of View angle and the total Field of View angle, combining with the consideration about the sub eye arrangement of multi-vision positioning, the designed method of artificial compound eye structure was studied which contains multiple sub eyes and can realize the detection in a large field of view. To analyze the three-dimensional space mapping law, the two dimensional images were cropped and mapped to 3D space, and the large field of view in 3D space was realized. To analyze the relationship between the sub image coordinates and the three-dimensional coordinates, the mathematical model of multi vision object location was established and the target location algorithm was compiled. A prototype was manufactured which contains of 19 sub eyes and can achieve 120 degree angle of large field of view, and the system parameters were obtained by Zhang Zheng-you calibration method. Then we carried out the 3D localization experiments. Experimental results show that the positioning error is 0.19% when we use the artificial compound eye imaging system to detect the target in 5.35 m.