To address the problem of shear damage along the mortar joints of raw soil masonry walls under seismic action due to the low strength of masonry mud, the ecological modification formulas of raw soil mud to improve the shear strength of masonry were proposed without destroying the return to the field of raw soil. The effects of the dosages of glutinous rice glue, acrylic emulsion, instant glue powder and cellulose on the shear strength, compressive strength and flexural strength of raw soil mud were investigated by single-factor and orthogonal tests, and the optimal mix ratio of modified mud was obtained. Then the return to the field analysis of modified raw soil material and the shear test of raw soil masonry were carried out. The research results show that compared with the traditional unmodified mud, the shear strength of modified mud increases by 50.55%, the compressive strength increases by 33.14%, and the flexural strength increases by 23.48%. The modified raw soil material can make crops grow normally, the soil composition analysis conforms to the plant planting standard, and its return to the field is not damaged. The shear strength of raw soil masonry with modified mud increases by 34.77% compared with the unmodified raw soil masonry.