Taking the county unit of Sichuan Province as the research object, the characteristics and mechanism of urbanization in population outflow areas are discussed. The study found that: different from the experience of coastal cities, urbanization of counties in Sichuan Province is dominated by living-oriented type, and the main driving forces for the urbanization of rural population are consumption and education demands. The main body of the newly urbanized population is the left-behind population after considerable labor losses, and their financial resource of living in cities depends to a large extent on the remittance sent back by migrant workers. Industry shows weak support to urbanization, forming a special mode of urbanization, that is, remote industrialization driven local urbanization, which leads to many unique phenomena. For example, the more population outflow, the faster urbanization speed; counties continued to grow and flourish without manufacturing development; and the urbanization speed of counties is faster than that of city. Based on these new findings, this article discussed the relevant understanding of urbanization mechanism and the prospect of long-term trend and potential problems of urbanization development in such areas.