For the conventional color separation photography technology was difficult to obtain the clear image information and rich texture characteristics, a trace color separation photography intelligent system based on multi-band light source was designed. The multi-band light source module was designed by STM32, LED, additive color effect and complementary color principle to solve the problem of selecting monochromatic light corresponding to different trace backgrounds. The light source module that could be moved up and down, left and right was designed by hybrid stepper motor, DEV8825 motor driver module and STM32 to solve the problem of finding the best light distribution position. Through the improved FS-SIFT registration algorithm and the introduction of the second-generation Curvelet fusion algorithm, a combined image processing system was designed to solve the problem of unsynchronized trace extraction and image processing in conventional photography. The experimental results show that the brightness contrast between the background and the trace image photographed by the system is larger and the quality is better. After the improved FS-SIFT algorithm registration and the second-generation Curvelet algorithm fusion processing, the average standard deviation of the image is increased by 1.25 times, the average information entropy is increased by 1.70 times, the average gradient is increased by 1.46 times, and the average amount of information and texture features of the obtained image are richer.