Sr2SiO4∶Eu2+, Nd3+ was synthesized by solid state synthesis method, and the sensitization of Nd3+ near-infrared luminescence by Eu2+ was investigated. The characteristic near-infrared luminescence of Nd3+ in Sr2SiO4 matrix was greatly enhanced by co-doping of Eu2+. The mechanism of energy transfer from Eu2+ to Nd3+ was analyzed through investigation of fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, and fluorescence lifetime. Excited Eu2+(Ⅱ) transfers energy effectively to Nd3+ through non-radiative energy transfer process in Sr2SiO4, resulting in greatly enhanced near-infrared luminescence of Nd3+, while sensitization of Nd3+ by Eu2+(Ⅰ) was achieved by the way of Eu2+(Ⅱ).