In a visible light communication (VLC) system, the light-emitting diode (LED) is the major source of nonlinearity and exhibits memory effects due to the in-band non-flat frequency response. The LED nonlinearity with memory effects degrades the error vector magnitude (EVM) and bit error rate (BER) in the VLC system. In general, the predistortion technique is mostly utilized to compensate for the LED nonlinearity and thus enhances the performance of the VLC system. However, the existing predistortion techniques cannot work adaptively and neglect the LED memory effects. A new predistortion architecture is proposed by adding a feedback path to obtain the LED output signal and estimating the LED nonlinearity with memory effects by memory polynomial model adaptively. The simulation results show that the proposed technique outperforms the existing methods in terms of BER.