Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS),a new kind of atomic spectrum analysis technology,has attracted much attention of the researchers due to its characteristics of real-time,simultaneous multi-element analysis,and no sample preparation.However,the poor analytical sensitivity has been an important factor that restricts the development of this technology.LIBS based on resonance excitation combines atomic fluorescence spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and selectively excites the target elements.In this way,the analytical sensitivity of LIBS can be improved substantially and its application for trace elements detection is greatly expanded.In this paper,the research development of LIBS based on resonance excitation is summarized.The generation of atomic fluorescence spectrum in laser-induced plasma,the typical classification and the basic principle of LIBS based on resonance excitation are introduced.The influence of ablation laser energy,resonant laser energy and wavelength,delay between the ablation laser and the resonant laser,and the gate width on spectral enhancement are analyzed in detail.The application status and deficiencies of LIBS based on resonance excitation in the fields of metallurgy,environmental monitoring and isotope detection are elaborated.Future prospects of LIBS based on resonance excitation are also described.