Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a common source of pollution from industrial emissions, which are extremely toxic to human health and ecosystems. Catalytic oxidation is an energy-saving and efficient method for VOCs removal, and its key lies in catalyst design and development. The acid sites in zeolites can reduce the activation energy of VOCs oxidation reaction and effectively catalyze the oxidative degradation of VOCs, but the catalytic performance of pristine zeolites cannot meet the demand for VOCs catalysis. Through the post-synthesis modulation strategy, the density of acid sites in zeolites can be made higher, and their distribution is more favorable for the contact between VOC molecules and catalytic sites, so that the zeolite catalysts have more excellent catalytic performance. This review firstly introduces the formation of acid sites in zeolites and the techniques of characterizing the density and type of acid sites, and then focuses on the modulation strategies of acid sites after zeolite synthesis, including framework modification and internal/external surface modification, etc. Finally, this review lists the catalytic performances of zeolite catalysts obtained by the modulation strategies for VOCs. On the basis of the above, the future research direction of the acid site modulation strategies after zeolite synthesis is envisioned, which is of great significance to promote the application of zeolite catalysts in the efficient catalytic oxidation of industrial VOCs