The development of precision X-ray diagnostics is important for examining the physical processes in inertial confinement fusion （ICF）. The latest advances in high-performance multilayer grazing X-ray optics at the Institute of Precision Optical Engineering of Tongji University are comprehensively introduced herein. To serve the diagnostic needs of ICF with high spatial， temporal， and spectral resolutions and high efficiency， the current research progress is systematically introduced in terms of multichannel grazing X-ray imaging technology and multilayer grazing X-ray imaging technology with their application effects. Multichannel grazing X-ray imaging is mainly introduced in terms of the multichannel KB imaging microscope and its high-precision online alignment technology. To achieve high spatial resolution （<5 μm） and sixteen imaging channels， high-reset-precision integrated "object-diagnostic microscope-image" indication technology was developed； this effectively guarantees the applicability of the multichannel KB microscope. Multilayer grazing X-ray imaging provides spectral regulation by use of X-ray multilayers， as well as precision aiming technology for online alignment. Several sets of multispectral X-ray diagnostic equipment based on an array of multilayer mirrors have been widely used in domestic laser facilities with spatial resolutions of 3-5 μm and four energy points. The key technical performance indicators are significantly better than those of similar technology from abroad； this affords strong support for domestic ICF diagnostics.