As the carbon-fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite material common used for truss structure of space camera has the drawback of low thermal conductivity, great temperature gradient is easily formed in the truss. The method that copper grid was adhered and aluminum film was pasted on the surface of CFRP was proposed to enhance thermal conductivity for carbon-fiber truss of a space camera. Firstly, thermal conductivity model of CFRP was established. Then heat transfer models for four kinds of plates(including bare CFRP plate, two plates respectively pasted aluminum films of 0.05 mm and 0.5 mm, and one plate adhered copper grid with equivalent diameter as 0.08 mm on the surface) were established, and corresponding thermal analysis was conducted on the four different states of plates. Then equivalent thermal conductivities of four kinds of plates were obtained through finite element software. Test result indicates: equivalent thermal conductivity could be improved in different degrees through adhering copper grid/pasting aluminum film on the surface of CFRP. Structural equivalent thermal conductivity was increased to 41.3 W/(m·K) to paste aluminum film of 0.5 mm on the plate surface of CFRP. Finally, thermal design was conducted on carbon-fiber truss of a certain space camera according to structural equivalent thermal conductivity in the test. Thermal analysis result of truss structure indicates that axial temperature difference of a single truss rod reduces from 6.8 ℃ to 0.8 ℃, and the temperature uniformity of truss structure is significantly improved.