Considering the bounded uncertainties without the prior knowledge of the bounds in heavyweight airdrop operations, an adaptive sliding mode control law with finite-time convergent performance is proposed.This control law is composed of two parts of nominal control law and compensated control law, the former is used to achieve finite-time stabilization performance, and the latter is used to reject the uncertainties and improve the robustness.The switching gains of the compensated control law are compensated using adaptive algorithms, and the knowledge of the bounds of the uncertainties is not required to be known in advance.Meanwhile, the severe chattering of the sliding mode control that caused by high switching gains is effectively reduced.Theoretical analysis indicates that the proposed method can ensure finite-time convergent performance of the tracking error of air speed and pitch angle.Simulation results prove the effectiveness and superiority of the control method.