The bed is the key supporting component of the CNC lathe. Its static and dynamic characteristics affect the machining accuracy and stability of the lathe directly. For the HTC3650 horizontal CNC lathe produced by Shenyang Machine Tool Group, three-dimensional model is built by UG software, and then imported into Ansys workbench finite element analysis software to establish the finite element model of the lathe bed. Static and modal analysis of the lathe bed is carried out to identify the total deformation and the first four natural frequencies of the lathe bed. According to the simulation analysis results, the target drive optimization method is used to optimize the size parameters of the lathe bed, improve the first four natural frequencies of the bed structure, reduce the deformation of the bed and improve the dynamic and static characteristics of the bed.