The polarization imaging system based on large aperture ground-based adaptive telescope can acquire both intensity image and polarization image at the same time. Richer information for detecting and identifying space target can be provided by the combination of intensity and polarization. Because the polarization-maintaining design of the 1.23 m ground-based adaptive telescope is ignored, the telescope′s polarization properties on propagation should be known before experiments. But it is difficult to calibrate the polarization properties of large aperture telescope. To analyze the polarization properties of the 1.23 m ground-based adaptive telescope, an analysis model based on coherent matrices and ray tracing formulas is constructed. By simulation, impact of the optical system on the accuracy of polarizing detection is found. An improved scheme to decrease the deviation of polarizing detection is given and its effectiveness is identified by the model constructed above.