ing at the problem of uneven current distribution in GaN-based LED chip, the traditional electrode structure is optimized. By establishing a three-dimensional simulation model based on finite element analysis software COMSOL, the current distribution in the active layer of chip electrode with optimized structure and traditional structure is simulated respectively. The results show that the current distribution in the chip with optimized structure is more uniform. Then, LED chips of various structures are prepared and tested for photoelectric performance. Experimental results show that changing the shape of the N electrode to a fan-shaped structure can improve the light output efficiency of the LED. When the input current is 20 mA, the output light power of the LED chip is 31.84 mW, and the light extraction efficiency is 52.03%, which is 6.14% higher than that of the conventional LED chip.