This article takes zinc oxide nanowires as the research object to explore the influencing factors of electron field emission from nanowires. To this end,a complete set of virtual simulation experimental schemes is proposed. The experiment utilizes computer simulation software OPERA-3D to model the zinc oxide nanowire structure,focusing on investigating the effects of factors such as the aspect ratio of nanowires,grid voltage,cathode-grid spacing,and nanowire array density on the field emission current and their underlying mechanisms. The experiments show that the aspect ratio of nanowires and the cathode-grid distance are significant parameters affecting their field emission performance. Meanwhile,reasonable control of the nanowire array density can effectively reduce the impact of field screening effects. Through this simulation experiment,students can gain a deeper understanding of the basic principles of electron field emission from nanowires and electron optics theory,improv their practical hands-on skills and cultivate scientific research thinking,and lay a solid foundation for their future studies.